福建武夷山地区茶树种质的茶橙瘿螨抗性变异及高抗优质资源的发掘  

The Variation of Resistance to Pink Mite among Tea Germplasm and Screening of High-resistant and Excellent Landraces from Wuyishan Region in Fujian

作　　者：姚明哲[1] 郭华伟[2] 王新超[1] 肖强[2] 陈亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所茶树资源与改良研究中心/国家茶树改良中心,杭州310008 [2]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所茶树种植工程研究中心,杭州310008

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2008年第9期127-131,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"十五"攻关子课题"茶树种质创新与利用研究"(2004BA525B-07)

摘　　要：【研究目的】茶橙瘿螨(Acaphylla theae Watt)是茶树上的一种重要害虫,培育抗螨品种是茶树育种的重要目标。研究的开展是为了从现有茶树种质中鉴定发掘出高抗茶橙瘿螨的基因资源,以提供育种利用。【方法】试验以福建武夷山地区的56份地方茶树品种为材料,连续3a通过田间调查鉴定了不同材料的茶橙瘿螨抗性,并系统鉴定了高抗种质的形态、生物学和品质特征。【结果】试验结果表明不同茶树种质间存在较显著的茶橙瘿螨抗性差异,供试种质的虫口密度平均为27.6头/cm2,变异范围为0.2～75.9头/cm2,变异系数为68.1%;为害状指数平均为26.6,变异范围在2.6～59之间,变异系数为54.1%。通过鉴定,筛选出了4份高抗茶橙瘿螨的资源"巡山猴"、"武夷82号"、"金锁匙"和"满地红",其中前3份种质烘青绿茶的感官审评总分分别为91.3、91.0和91.6,品质优异,为高抗优质资源。【结论】试验筛选出的3份高抗茶橙瘿螨且品质优异的种质是今后开展茶树抗螨育种的良好亲本材料。[OBJECTIVE]Pink mite （Acaphylla theae Watt） has been a kind of important pest in tea gardens in China. In order to breed new cultivars with high resistance to pink mite, the first task is to identify and screen a few of genetic resources used as resistant gene donors in tea breeding. [METHOD]In this study 56 tea landraces from Wuyishan region in Fujian province were investigated for theirs resistance to pink mite by field observation during the year of 2002-2004, the high-resistant landraces were screened and theirs agronomic and quality traits were further characterized. [RESULTS]Results indicated that the resistant level to pink mite was varied among 56 tea landraces. The population density of pink mite on leaves was averagely 27.6 per cm^2, ranged from 0.2 per cm^2 to 75.9 per cm^2, the coefficient of variation （CV） was 68.1%. The mean of harm index was 26.6, varied from 2.6 to 59.0, and its CV was 54.1%. Four landraces named as ＇Xunshanhou＇, ＇Wuyi 82＇, ＇ Jinsuoshi＇, ＇ Mandihong＇ tance to pink mite. The former three landraces were were screened and they showed high and stable resisidentified excellent quality and theirs total score of organoleptic evaluation with regard to green tea were 91.3, 91.0 and 91.6, respectively. [CONCLUSION]The screened three germplasm which have the both traits of high resistance to pink mite and excellent quality will be used as valuable parents in future tea breeding.

关 键 词：茶橙瘿螨 种质资源 抗性 茶树 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]