成矿过程奇异性与矿床多重分形分布  

Singularity of Mineralization and Multifractal Distribution of Mineral Deposits

作　　者：成秋明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2008年第3期298-305,共8页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学研究基金项目(40525009);自然科学基金重点项目(40638041)

摘　　要：本文将成矿过程与地震、火山、滑坡、洪水、暴雨、森林火灾等一系列非线性地球系统过程称之为奇异性过程(Singular Processes)。奇异性过程的基本特征是在相对很小的时间间隔或者空间范围中产生巨大能量释放或者物质超常富集或堆积。探讨了奇异性过程的"资源"与"灾害"双重效应;从地幔对流、板块构造等自组织临界性系统探讨了成矿过程的奇异性以及成矿结果服从多重分形分布规律,如矿床规模与个数、矿床品位与个数等;介绍了可以刻画成矿域空间结构的不均匀性、尺度独立性和自组织临界性的多重分形模型,如度量元素富集强度的局部奇异性模型,度量成矿域结构各向异性的广义自相似性模型,以及度量分形结构序次的分形谱系模型。这些非线性模型为矿产资源定量预测提供了新的思路和工具。According to the common non-linear property of several types of non-linear hazardous processes such as earthquakes, volcanos, landslides, cloud formation, rainfall, hurricanes, flooding, and mineralization that result in anomalous amounts of energy release or mass accumulation confined to narrow intervals in space or time, these types of processes can be termed as singular processes. The end products of these non-linear processes can be modeled as fractals or multifractals. Most types of hydrothermal mineral deposits are genetically associated with mantle events and plate tectonics which themselves shows self-orginazed creticility. Here we show that not only the relationships between mineral deposits size and the number of deposits （size and number model） and between ore grade and the number of deposits （grade and number model） may follow power-law models, but also the element concentrations in a mineral district and posterior probability of an unit area containg deposits calculated by weiths of evidence method for prediction of mineral deposits may also follow power-law distribution with area. The singularity theory and non-linear models proposed have provided useful ideas and powerful tools for quantitative assessment of mineral resources.

关 键 词：成矿理论 复杂性理论 奇异性 广义自相似性 自组织临界性 成矿预测 

分 类 号：P611.5[天文地球—矿床学]