中美两国高等教育学生规模的比较与思考  

Comparison and consideration on the student scale of higher education between China and America

作　　者：张炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学公共管理学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2008年第8期104-109,共6页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：2007年度国家软科学研究计划项目(2007GXS3D100);中国高等教育学会"十一五"教育科学研究规划重点规划课题(06AIG0190003)

摘　　要：中美两国高等教育在校学生数、招生数和毕业生数这三个绝对指标方面,中国均远远高于美国;毛入学率和每十万人口在校大学生数两个相对指标方面,中国与美国还有不小的差距。但是,由于这两个相对指标的局限性和计算错误,导致了对两国间高等教育学生相对规模差距的高估。因此,在进行中外高等教育学生规模比较时,对毛入学率和每十万人口在校大学生数要合理使用和客观判断。By means of comparison on three absolute value indicators, the enrollment, first-time freshmen, and graduate of higher education in China are all much higher than those of the United States; but from the data of relative value indicators, such as gross enrollment ratio and enrollment of per 100 thousand populations, there is a significant gap between these two countries. However, the gap on relative student scale of higher education between two countries is overstated due to the shortcomings of two relative value indicators and miscalculation. It is recommended that the gross enrollment ratio and enrollment of per 100 thousand populations should be used properly and judged objectively, while making comparison on student scale of higher education between China and other countries.

关 键 词：高等教育 学生规模 毛入学率 中国 美国 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]