不同干旱方式和干旱程度对玉米苗期根系生长的影响  

Effects of different drought manners and different water availabilities on root growth of maize(Zea Mays) seedlings

作　　者：李博[1] 王刚卫[1] 田晓莉[1] 董学会[1] 张明才[1] 王保民[1] 段留生[1] 李召虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学作物化学控制研究中心,农业部作物栽培与耕作学重点开放实验室植物生理学与生物化学国家重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2008年第5期148-152,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30571118)

摘　　要：以玉米杂交种高油115为材料,研究了直接干旱和渐进干旱两种方式（各设水分充足、轻度干旱和严重干旱3种处理）对管栽玉米苗期根系发育的影响。结果表明,采用渐进干旱方式,根系在轻度干旱时生长最好,严重干旱时最差;而采用直接干旱方式,根系在水分充足时生长最好,轻度干旱次之,严重干旱时最差。在水分充足条件下,细根（直径0.05-0.25 mm）的根长和根表面积及其占总根系的比例高于中等根（直径0.25-0.45 mm）和粗根（直径〉0.45 mm）,直接干旱表现出降低细根比例、增加中等根和粗根比例的趋势,说明细根受干旱的影响较中等根和粗根更大。这可能是玉米幼苗根系生长对干旱的一种适应性反映。The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of progressive drought and direct drought on root growth of maize seedlings subjected to well watered, moderate water stress and severe water stress, respectively, with hybrid maize Gaoyou 115. The results indicated that moderate water stress （55 % FC） was the most advantages for root growth in conditions of progressive drought, while well watered （75% FC） was the most favor in conditions of direct drought. When the root system was sorted into fine roots （0.05 mm〈 diameter （DA） ≤0.25 mm）, middle roots （0.25 mm〈DA≤0.45 mm） and coarse roots （0.45 mm〈DA） by using WinRHIZO, it was observed that fine roots contributed to 74 % and 45 % of the total root length and the total root surface area, respectively, which were much greater than that of middle and coarse roots. However, water stress arrested fine roots growth more than middle and coarse roots, which led to a decreased proportion of fine roots concerning length and surface area.

关 键 词：玉米 根系生长 干旱方式 干旱程度 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]