陆生蜗牛化石与中国黄土古环境研究  

TERRESTRIAL MOLLUSK FOSSILS FROM CHINESE LOESS SEQUENCE AND THEIR PALEOENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE

作　　者：吴乃琴[1] 李丰江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所新生代地质与环境重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2008年第5期831-840,共10页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(批准号:KZCX2-YW-117);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:40672116);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(批准号:2004CB720203)资助

摘　　要：陆生软体动物蜗牛是黄土地层中重要的环境指标,在黄土地层成因和古环境与古气候研究方面具有独到的优势。文章总结了近10多年来中国黄土陆生蜗牛化石研究的成果,包括黄土蜗牛化石的研究方法、蜗牛典型种属及组合的地理分布与生态环境等,侧重介绍了黄土高原不同时间尺度的蜗牛记录及陆生蜗牛化石在黄土古环境和古气候研究中的新进展。Terrestrial mollusk fossils from Chinese loess strata have been studied over one hundred years. However, the greatest progress has been made only in recent two decades. In this paper, we review the advances in land snail from the Chinese loess deposits and their paleoenvironmental implications. The improvement of research methods and approaches permits us to get more paleoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic information from mollusk assemblages. The broadened research scope and content lead to many new findings and results. Thus, mollusk record becomes one of the most important proxies in paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic reconstruction of loesspaleosol sequence in China. The main progresses in land snail study of Chinese loess sequence are summarized as follows： 1 ） Modern mollusk assemblages are divided into four ecotypes based on their requirements of temperature and humidity, including eurytopic, semi-arid and-wet, cold-dry adapting, and warm-humid prefering types; 2） Quaternary mollusk assemblages are modified into the following three ecological types： glacial loess, interglacial paleosol,and interstadial weakly-developed paleosol assemblages; 3）Mollusk records successfully reveal long-term climatic and environmental changes and the history of East Asian monsoon variations since Late Cenozoic. Moreover,the succession of mollusk species indicates short-term environmental changes such as millennia climate variability during Last Glacial Maximum and instable climate fluctuation in glacial and interglacial periods like MIS 11 and last glacial periods.

关 键 词：黄土 蜗牛化石 古环境 

分 类 号：Q915.2[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P941.74[生物学—古生物学]