城市热环境与土地利用类型格局的相关性分析--以长春市为例  

Correlation between Urban Thermal Environment Effect and Land Use Pattern in Changchun

作　　者：张新乐[1] 张树文[1] 李颖[1] 谢云峰[2] 匡文慧[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

出　　处：《资源科学》2008年第10期1564-1570,共7页Resources Science

基　　金：中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所前沿领域项目:“区域城市化过程遥感监测研究”(编号:KZCX3-SW-NA3-16);中国科学院资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室开发研究基金资助课题:“城市土地利用数字重建方法与空间结构演变分析--以长春近百年城市土地利用演变过程为例”(编号:A0725);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目:“东北地区100年LUCC数字重建”(编号:KZCX2-SW-320-1)

摘　　要：基于遥感数据和GIS空间分析方法,反演长春市的地表温度,分析长春市城市热场分布的空间格局,定量描述了不同土地利用类型面积比例地表温度特征,探讨不同土地利用类型的空间组合格局对城市热环境的影响。结论如下:①长春市存在明显的热岛效应,在城市热岛内部,地表温度差异也很显著;②不同城市土地利用类型上的地表温度具有明显差异,各土地利用类型地表温度平均值排序为:工业用地>道路用地>商业用地>住宅用地>公共建筑>其他用地>公共设施>绿地>水域;③土地利用类型空间格局影响城市热环境,随着500m×500m格网内所占面积比例的升高,不同用地类型的平均地表温度呈现出显著差异;④植被和水域在缓解城市热岛效应方面起到关键性作用,含有绿地或水域的格网,随着二者面积比的增加,地表温度逐渐降低,温度降低的过程可以用线性方程模拟。We obtained land surface temperature data for the city of Changchun and analyzed the spatial patterns of urban heat field distribution, then quantitatively described the land temperature characteristics of different land use types using ASTER and Spot data and GIS spatial analysis methods to study the effect of different spatial combinations of land use types on the urban thermal environment. The results showed a marked heat-island effect in the built-up area of Changchun, and prominent differences in land surface temperatures inside the heat island. The land surface temperature at the center of the heat island was relatively lower. Land surface temperatures for different kinds of urban land use had obvious discrepancies, with higher land surface temperature for industrial land and lower temperature for water. The descending order of the mean land surface temperature for every land use type was： industrial land, road site, commercial land, residential land, public building, other sites, public facilities, greenbelt, water. The spatial pattern of land use influenced the urban thermal environment, and mean land surface temperature for different kinds of urban land use showed remarkable discrepancies based on land use proportions in grid cells of 500m × 500m. The descending order of the mean land surface temperature of land use type based on the 500m grid ceils was： industrial land, commercial land, residential land, public building, other sites, road site, public facilities, greenbelt, water. Vegetation and water were significant in reducing the heat-island effect. The effect of water in weakening the land surface temperature is stronger than that of greenbehs. Land surface temperature of grid cells containing vegetative areas or water decreased gradually with increasing proportions of these land cover types, and when the proportion increased at the same rate, the effect of water was stronger than that of greenbelt in reducing the land surface temperature, and the decline in temperature can be simulated by li

关 键 词：热岛效应 地表温度 土地利用 长春市 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]