乙醇/柴油混合燃料醛、酮类污染物排放特性的研究  

Study on Carbonyl Emissions from an Engine Fueled with Ethanol/Diesel Blends

作　　者：张炜[1] 宋崇林[1] 李方成[1] 吕刚[1] 裴毅强[1] 张铁臣[1] 周颖超[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2008年第3期238-242,共5页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50476066);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2003CB211600);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(NCET-05-0244)

摘　　要：采用助溶剂与着火促进剂配制乙醇体积分数为2000/的乙醇/柴油混合燃料,利用高效液相色谱（HPLC）技术分析、研究了不同工况下燃用纯柴油和混合燃料时醛、酮类污染物的排放特性。研究结果表明,分析方法可同时完成对13种醛、酮类非常规污染物快速、准确的定量;燃用混合燃料时,醛、酮类污染物的总体排放浓度为5.15-10.6 mg/m^3,是纯柴油排放浓度的0.93-1.41倍;其中最显著的为乙醛,质量浓度为2.48-4.87 mg/m^3,占总检测醛、酮类污染物排放质量分数的45.9%-65.3%;其次是甲醛,其质量浓度为0.54-2.25 mg/m^3,占总检测醛、酮类污染物排放质量分数的7.08%-23.8%。醛、酮类污染物的总体排放浓度随发动机转速和燃空比的增加,先减小而后逐渐增大。Ethanol-diesel blended fuel with ethanol fraction of 20%0 by volume （E20） was prepared with cosolvent and cetane improver. High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to measure the carbonyl emissions fueled with diesel fuel and E20 under various operating conditions. The results showed that the sampling and analyzing methods could simultaneously and rapidly determined 13 kinds of aldehydes and ketones. For E20, the mass concentration of total carbonyls was 5.15 - 10.6 mg/m^3 , which is 0.93 - 1.41 times to that with diesel fuel. The mass concentration of acetaldehyde, which is the main specie in total carbonyl emissions, was 2.48 - 4.87 mg/ m^3 and accounted for 45.9% - 65.3% of carbonyl emissions, Following is the formaldehyde, the mass concentration was 0.54 - 2.25 mg/m^3 and accounted for 7.08% - 23.8% of carbonyl emissions. With the increase of engine speed and fuel-air ratio, the total carbonyl emissions changes from the increasing trend to the decreasing trend.

关 键 词：乙醇/柴油 醛、酮类污染物 高效液相色谱 排放特性 

分 类 号：TK411.71[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]