一次由海岸锋引发山东半岛暴雪过程的研究  

Analysis of Coastal Front Heavy Snowfall in Shandong Peninsula

作　　者：黄翠银[1] 沈新勇[1] 孙建华[2] 齐琳琳[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京210044 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [3]空军装备研究院航空气象防化研究所,北京100085

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2008年第4期567-583,共17页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目40605016、40620120437;中国科学院大气物理研究所创新基金领域前沿重点项目IAP07120

摘　　要：2005年12月3～21日山东半岛发生了持续性强降雪。对降雪期间持续最长一次降雪过程（12月11～15日）的发生、发展机制进行了分析,结果表明：降雪前后从东北到山东对流层中层分别有冷涡和横槽存在。此次过程中对流层低层有冷空气入侵,属于层云降雪。700 hPa低槽是降雪的主要触发机制。中尺度海岸锋形成并维持较长时间,与海岸锋环流相伴随的上升运动对于降雪的局地增强有重要作用。渤海洋面是降雪期间水汽的主要源地,冷锋后部的强偏北风有利于将渤海的水汽输送到山东半岛上空。另外,对此次山东半岛海岸锋暴雪天气与2008年初南方准静止锋雨雪、冰冻天气的特点作了比较。Five snowfall processes occurred in Shandong Peninsula during 3-21 December 2005,the third snowfall process（from 11 to 15 December） was the longest and relatively stronger than the others.For better understanding of the snowfall process,the circulations and weather systems have been investigated.The conclusions are as follows：1） The cold vortex and northeast-southwest oriented trough in middle troposphere influenced the Shandong Peninsula before and during the snowfall,respectively.The snowfall occurred when the cold air in lower troposphere invaded to Shandong peninsula,and the trough at 700 hPa approached.2） The value of TBB in satellite image was quite high,and there was stratus.The mesoscale coastal front formed and maintained for quite a long time during cold air invading to Shandong Peninsula,the ascending motion of coastal front produced mesoscale cloud systems,which caused local severe snowfall.3） The calculation of moisture budget indicates that the water vapor was transported to the snowfall area from Bohai Sea in the lower troposphere and boundary layer.The strong northerly wind ahead the cold high pressure also transported the moisture in Bohai Sea to Shandong Peninsula after cold air invading.Finally,the comparison between the coastal front heavy rainfall in this case and quasi-stationary front heavy snowfall has been conducted.

关 键 词：暴雪 冷涡 海岸锋 水汽来源 

分 类 号：P448[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]