修复富营养化水体的潜流湿地中微生物生物量特征  

Characteristics of Microbial Biomass in Subsurface Constructed Wetland Treating Eutrophic Water

作　　者：付融冰[1] 朱宜平[2] 杨海真[2] 顾国维[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院、污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《环境科学》2008年第10期2754-2759,共6页Environmental Science

摘　　要：构建了水平潜流芦苇人工湿地,在固定水力负荷条件下,对富营养化污水进行了近2年的修复处理。分别在第2年的1、5、8和10月份在湿地前、中、后部不同深度处取基质样品,采用氯仿熏蒸法测定了微生物生物量。结果表明,湿地基质微生物碳（MB-C）、微生物氮（MB-N）和微生物磷（MB-P）基本遵循前部大于中部大于后部和上层大于下层的规律。微生物量1、5月份大于8、10月份。考察了基质微生物量与同期湿地氮磷去除效率的关系,结果显示,湿地基质微生物量与TN去除率相关性不显著；MB-C与TP以及MB-N、MB-P与TP去除率呈显著负相关,r分别为-0.98（p〈0.05）和-0.99（p〈0.01）。在人工湿地中,微生物量本身参与到系统中氮素、磷素的循环转化,成为一个动态活性营养库,可以被植物利用,在每个生长年内随植物生长和温度变化而波动,在本试验条件下,第2年MB-C、MB-N和MB-P平均分别为85.0-160.6、16.3-34.9和3.12-5.77μg·g^-1。湿地微生物量和氮磷净化能力的变化特征是温度、微生物、植物、基质以及酶等因素综合作用的结果。A subsurface horizontal-flow constructed wetland planted with Phragmites australis was developed and used to treat eutrophic water for nearly two years at fixed hydraulic loading rate. Snbstrate samples were taken at different depths respectively in the front, middle and back sites of wetland in January, May, August and October in the second year. Microbial biomass （MB） content was measured using the chloroform fumigation incubation method. The results show that the front sites have higher levels of microbial biomass carbon （MB-C）, microbial biomass nitrogen （MB-N） and microbial biomass phosphorous （MB-P） than that in middle sites and back sites. The upper layers have higher levels of MB than that in the deeper layers. The MB content of wetland in January and May is higher than that in October and August. The relationship between MB and TN, TP removal efficiency of the constructed wetland was investigated. The wetland shows no apparent correlation of MB and TN removal efficiency. However, strong negative correlation is observed between MB-C and TP removal efficiency（r=-0.98,p〈0.05） and between MB-N, MB-P and TP removal efficiency（r=-0.99,p〈0.01）. In constructed wetland, MB is also an active nutrient storage involved in nutrient cycling and can be used by wetland plant. MB content varies among a range level with plant growth and temperature in a growth year. Under experiment conditions, the range of MB-C, MB-N and MB-P was respectively 85.0-160.6, 16.3-34.9 and 3.12-5.77 μg·g^-1 in the second year. Seasonal variation of MB and nutrient removal is resulted from the factors integrated with temperature, microorganisms, plant, substrate and enzyme.

关 键 词：富营养化水体 水平潜流人工湿地 微生物生物量 空间分布 季节变化 相关性 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52