高胆固醇血症患者膳食脂肪摄入与血脂变化的相关性研究  

Study of effects of dietary fatty acids on the serum lipids in hypercholesterolemic subjects

作　　者：周晓星[1] 张波[1] 黄莉莉[1] 许颖[1] 孙丽娜[1] 卓淑雨[1] 陈裕明[1] 苏宜香[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院营养系,广州510080

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2008年第10期753-757,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究高胆固醇血症患者膳食脂肪摄人与血脂变化之间的关系。方法筛查739名志愿者后，纳入297例血清总胆固醇（TC）〉5．13mmol/L的广州市民，随访6个月，采用连续3d的24h膳食回顾法及食用油种类及用量记录表调查研究对象膳食摄入情况，并测定研究对象在研究起始和结束时的血脂水平，分析不同膳食脂肪供能比及脂肪酸供能比与血脂变化的关系。结果纳入研究对象297例，其中281例（男88例，女193例）完成6个月的研究，研究起始时对象的TC为（6．09±0．68）mmol／L。将研究对象按照总脂供能比，分为〈25％（90例），25％～30％（97例），〉30％（94例）3组，总脂供能比≤30％的Ⅰ组及Ⅱ组TC、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）降低率大于总脂供能比〉30％的Ⅲ组。将研究对象按照饱和脂肪酸（SFA）供能比分为〈7％（81例），7％～10％（129例），〉10％（71例）3组，SFA供能比≤10％的Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组TC、LDL—C降低率大于SFA供能比〉10％的Ⅲ组。将研究对象按照单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）供能比分为〈10％（93例），10％～13％（106例），〉13％（82例）3组，MUFA供能比为10％～13％的Ⅱ组，TC和LDL—C降低率大于另外两组。将研究对象按照多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）供能比分为〈7％（88例），7％～9％（94例），9％（99例）3组，未发现3组间血脂降低率差异有统计学意义。结论对于血脂异常患者，总脂供能比≤30％，SFA供能比≤10％，MUFA供能比在10％-13％的范围有利于改善其血脂水平。Objective To study the effects of dietary fatty acids on the serum lipids in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Methods All 297 residents with hypercholesterolemia were enrolled in Guangzhou. The dietary composition and the changes in serum lipid levels during the 6-month follow-up were analyzed. Results （ 1 ） 297 subjects were enrolled and 281 subjects （88 male, 193 female） completed the 6-month follow-up. The serum TC concentration of the subjects was （6. 09 ± 0. 68 ） mmol/L at baseline. （2） According to the percentage of energy from total fat, all of the subjects were divided into three groups, including total fat % en 〈25% （ group Ⅰ, 90 subjects）,25% -30% （ group Ⅱ, 97 subjects）, 〉30% （ group Ⅲ, 94 subjects）. The reduction of TC and LDL-C in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ was greater than that in group Ⅲ. （3） According to the percentage of energy from SFA, all of the subjects were divided into three groups, including SFA % en 〈 7% （ group Ⅰ , 81 subjects）, 7% - 10% （ group Ⅱ,129 subjects）, 〉 10% （ group Ⅲ, 71 subjects）. The reduction of TC and LDL-C in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ was greater than that in group Ⅲ. （4） All of the subjects were divided into three groups, according to the percentage of energy from MUFA, including MUFA % en 〈 10% （group Ⅰ , 93 subjects）, 10% - 13% （ group Ⅱ , 106 subjects）, 〉 13% （ group Ⅲ, 82 subjects）. The reduction of TC and LDL-C in group Ⅱ was greater than that in group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ. （5） All of the subjects were divided into three groups according to the percentage of energy from PUFA, including PUFA % en 〈 7% （ 88 subjects） ,7% - 9% （94 subjects）, 〉9% （99 subjects）. No significant difference was found among the reduction of serum lipids in the three groups. Conclusion Dietary total fat % en ≤30%, SFAs % en ≤10% and MUFAs % en 10%-13% should be conductive to reduce the serum lipids of patients with hyperlipidemia.

关 键 词：脂肪酸类 高脂血症 膳食脂肪类 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]