定期门诊健康教育对农村精神分裂症患者康复的影响  

The Effect of Regular Health Education on Rehabilitation of Outpatients with Schizophrenia in Rural Areas

作　　者：王年生[1] 李荣琴[1] 詹来英[1] 王贵山[1] 刘琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省安康医院,济宁272051

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2008年第10期709-712,共4页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：济宁市科技基金(编号2006-8)

摘　　要：目的:探讨定期门诊健康教育对农村精神分裂症患者服药依从性、复发率、生活质量及社会功能的影响。方法:将220例经住院治疗痊愈出院的精神分裂症患者随机分为研究组和对照组,每组各110例,研究组进行每月1次的定期门诊健康教育,时间2年,对照组不作上述要求。用自制的调查表了解2年内患者服药依从性、复发率及工作能力恢复情况。采用精神分裂症病人生活质量量表和社会功能缺陷筛选量表于患者入组时及入组6、12、18、24个月时评定患者的生活质量和社会功能。结果:⑴研究组2年内的总复发率低于对照组(27.6%vs.47.4%,χ2=6.605,P=0.010);⑵研究组患者服药的完全依从性明显高于对照组(68.4%vs.42.1%,χ2=13.467,P=0.000),不依从性明显低于对照组(9.2%vs.20.0%,χ2=4.550,P=0.033);⑶研究组患者恢复到原工作状态人数明显高于对照组(38.8%vs.22.1%,χ2=6.316,P=0.012);⑷研究组患者于入组12、18、24个月时的社会功能缺陷评分明显低于对照组[(4.2±0.9)vs.(4.7±1.0),(3.2±0.9)vs.(3.8±1.0),(1.8±1.1)vs.(3.3±1.1),P=0.001、0.000、0.001];⑸研究组患者于入组6、12、18、24个月时的生活质量评分均明显低于对照组[(24.7±2.8)vs.(26.1±2.3),(19.0±2.3)vs.(21.9±3.1),(13.7±2.6)vs.(16.9±3.1),(9.0±3.0)vs.(12.2±3.5),均P<0.001]。结论:定期门诊健康教育不仅有助于改善精神分裂症患者的服药依从性、降低复发率,而且有助于提高患者的生活质量和促进工作能力的恢复。Objective： To evaluate the effect of regular health education on the drug compliance, relapse rate, quality of life and the social function of outpatients with schizophrenia in rural areas. Methods： 220 outpatients with schizophrenia who were recovered and had back to family were randomly divided into observed group and control group. Patients who were in the observed group were given the regular health education once a month for 2 years in outpatient department, while the control group only received medication. The drug compliance, relapse rate and working competence within 2 years were evaluated with self-developed scale. The quality of life and the social function were evaluated with the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale （ SQLS） and Social Disability Screening Schedule （SDSS） before health education and 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after health education. Results： （ 1 ） The overall relapse rate at the end of the trial in observed group （ 27. 6% ） was significantly lower than that in control group （47.4%, P 〈 0. 01 ） . （ 2 ） （The medication compliance was significantly better observed group than that in control group, while the noncompliance was worst in control group （68.4% vs. 42. 1%, and 9. 2% vs. 20. 0% ） . ） （3 ）The rate of full rehabilitation in observed group was significantly higher than that in control group （38. 8% vs. 22. 1% ） . （4） The scores of SDSS at the points of 12th month, 18th month and 24th month in observe group were significantly lower than that in control group [ （4.2±0.9） vs. （4.7±1.0）, （3.2±0.9） vs. （3.8±1.0）, （1.8±1.1） vs. （3.3±1.1）] . {5） The scores of quality of life and working competence at the points of 6th month, 12th month, 18th month and 24th month in observed group were significantly better than that in control group [ （ 24. 7± 2. 8 ） vs. （ 26. 1 ± 2. 3 ）, （19.0＋2.3） vs. （21.9±3.1）, （13.7±2.6） vs. （16.9±3.1）, （9.0±3.0） vs. （12.2±3.5）] . Conclusions： Regu

关 键 词：健康教育 精神分裂症 依从性 复发率 工作能力 生活质量 随机对照 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R197.323[医药卫生—临床医学]