含烷氧基链节的硫酸盐表面活性剂的油-水界面张力及其对原油的乳化能力  

INTERFACIAL TENSIONS OF WATER-OIL WITH SULFATE SURFACTANT CONTAINING ALKOXY CHAIN AND ITS ABILITY TO EMULSIFYING CRUDE OIL

作　　者：葛际江[1] 张贵才[1] 蒋平[1] 王东方[1] 赵楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程学院,山东东营257061

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2008年第5期614-620,共7页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展"863"项目(2006AA062227);山东省自然科学基金项目(Y2006B34)资助

摘　　要：以壬基酚、十二醇、异构十三醇为主要原料,合成了7种含烷氧基链节的硫酸盐表面活性剂。测定了以含0.1%(质量分数)硫酸盐表面活性剂的模拟盐水与桩106-15-X18普通稠油配制的油-水体系的界面张力,并测定了上述表面活性剂对桩106-15-X18普通稠油的乳化速率。结果表明,虽然这些表面活性剂具有较高的耐盐能力,但随着分子中氧丙烯链节数逐渐增加,油-水界面张力值最小时对应的最佳NaCl含量呈降低趋势。在合成含烷氧基链节的硫酸盐表面活性剂时,可以通过控制氧丙烯链节长度,调节其在油-水体系中获得的低界面张力区的特点,使之适应不同盐含量的地层。含烷氧基链节的硫酸盐表面活性剂降低油-水界面张力的能力和其对稠油的乳化速率没有简单的对应关系。Seven sulfate anionic surfactants with alkoxy chain in molecule were prepared from nonylphenol, dodecanol and isotridecanol, respectively. The interfacial tensions of oil-water system, which consisted of the conventional heavy oil from Zhuang106-15 X18 and simulated brine solution containing a prepared sulfate anionic surfaetant with alkoxy chain, were measured. The emulsification rate of the prepared sulfate anionic surfactants for the Zhuang106-15-X18 heavy oil was also determined. The results showed that these surfactants have high salt resistance ability, but the NaCl content in the system, at which the interracial tension of oil-water reached the minimum value, appeared to decrease with the increase of oxypropylene chain length in surfactant molecule. Therefore, by controlling the oxypropylene chain length in sulfate anionic surfactant in its synthesis, the surfactants with the properties of low interface tension area favorable to the formations with different salt contents can be obtained. The emulsification rate of sulfate anionic surfactant for the system of Zhuang106-15-X18 heavy oil and simulated brine solution was not consistent with its ability to reduce the interracial tension of oil-water.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 乳化 界面张力 提高采收率 普通稠油 

分 类 号：O647.2[理学—物理化学]