我国居民食盐消费量与血压水平关系研究  

Relationship between Salt Consumption and Hypertension in Chinese People

作　　者：马冠生[1] 周琴[1] 胡小琪[1] 李艳平[1] 崔朝辉[1] 刘爱玲[1] 杨晓光[1] 孔灵芝[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050 [2]卫生部疾病预防控制局,北京100044

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2008年第5期441-444,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：卫生部专项基金资助项目;科技部重大专项基金资助项目(2001DEA30035;2003DIA6N008)

摘　　要：目的分析我国居民食盐消费量与血压水平的关系,为指导人们通过合理膳食预防高血压提供科学依据。方法使用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查中"一年食物频率调查"数据和实测的血压数据,对45 349名15岁及以上居民的食盐消费量与血压水平及高血压的关系进行分析。结果我国15岁及以上居民的高血压患病率为18.2%,正常高值检出率为36.0%。男性高血压患病率为20.4%,高于女性的16.2%;城市18.8%,高于农村的17.9%。高血压的患病率随着食盐消费量的增加而增加。调整影响血压的混杂因素后,居民食盐消费量与收缩压、舒张压呈显著相关关系(P<0.05),每人每天食盐平均消费量在6g～、12g～、≥18g的人群高血压患病率分别为<6g人群的1.09倍、1.14倍和1.28倍;成年职业人群每人每天食盐平均消费量在6g～、12g～、≥18g的人群高血压患病率分别为<6g人群的1.13倍、1.11倍和1.30倍。结论我国居民的高血压患病率已经达到一个较高水平,且与食盐消费量有明显关系。因此,应进一步加强对居民的健康教育,提倡清淡少盐饮食.这对于开展我国居民高血压的防治工作有着极其重要的作用。Objective To study the relationship between salt consumption and hypertension in Chinese people, and provide basic information for developing intervention strategies. Method The data of 45 349 chinese residents aged 15 yrs and above from 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey was used. Results The hypertension prevalence was 18.2%. The prevalence of residents with high blood pressure value was 36.0%, which was 20.4% and 16.2% among men and women, respectively. Hypertension prevalence among people living in urban was higher than their counterparts living in rural. The prevalence of hypertension increased with salt consumption. As compared to people who consumed less than 6 g salt per day, after relative confounding factors adjusted, the prevalence ratio was 1.09, 1.14 and 1.28 times, respectively, among people who averagely consumed 6-12 g, 12-18 g, and t〉 18 g salt per day, which was 1.13, 1.11 and 1.30 times, respectively, among employment population. Conclusion The hypertension prevalence of chinese residents is quite high. There is significant relationship between, salt consumption and hypertension. It is very important to strengthen the health education for preventing and controlling hypertension in Chinese residents.

关 键 词：营养调查 高血压 患病率 食盐消费 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R151.45[医药卫生—内科学]