京郊河溪近自然治理环境效应分析  

Analysis on the Environmental Effects of Near-natural Control Measurements in the Suburb River of Peking

作　　者：高阳[1] 高甲荣[1] 陈子珊[1] 段红祥 寇忠泰 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京市怀柔区水土保持监测总站,北京101400

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2008年第5期101-104,108,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(基金编号8062022)

摘　　要：选择北京郊县怀柔区怀九河上三处经过不同河流治理方式整治过的河段,其中的四渡河段已实施河溪近自然治理2 a的时间,而一渡河段为传统水工治理,团泉段基本上没采取治理措施。然后定点监测河段的大气湿度、温度,土壤温度以及河岸带植物多样性等生态因子,通过比较分析河溪近自然治理措施对河溪小环境所产生的环境效应。研究结果表明,①河溪近自然治理措施可以增加大气湿度,经过河溪近自然治理的四渡河段比传统水利工程治理的一渡河段水面大气湿度高近5%,河岸带地面大气湿度则高近10%;虽然河岸带的大气湿度不如处于自然状态的团泉段,但水面大气湿度则高了近2个百分点。②与传统水利治理方式相比较,河溪近自然治理措施可以降低周围小气候的温度,调节河岸带地面与水面的温差,四渡河段的温差为0.5℃,是一渡河段的1/3左右。③河溪近自然治理通过恢复河岸带植被缩小土层间的温差,调节土层温度,保持深层土壤水分。④经过河溪近自然治理的四渡河段的植物多样性高于一渡河段,是其3倍左右,恢复了河岸带的植物多样性。In order to comparably analyze the environmental effects of stream near-natural control measurements,this research chose three reaches whose ecosystem are in different degree on Huaijiuhe river in the suburb of Peking.From the upper reach to the lower reach,the first one is Tuanquan reach which is mostly in natural condition and nearly have not been managed.The second one is the key one,called Siduhe reach,which has been managed by near-natural control measurements for two years.The last one is Yiduhe reach,which have been managed by classical engineering control measurements.The monitoring content includes relative humidity,air temperature,soil temperature and plant diversity.The results of this research showed that ① Stream near-natural control measurements increase air relative humidity of stream environment,because the water surface relative humidity of Siduhe reach is five percent higher than the one of Yiduhe reach,at the same time,the land surface relative humidity is ten percent higher,and although the land surface relative humidity of Siduhe reach is lower than natural Tuanquan reach.Its water relative humidity is two percent higher than Tuanquan reach.② Compared with the classical engineering measurements,stream near-natural control measurements can decrease the air temperature of surrounding environment,meanwhile,regulate the temperature different between riparian and water,the temperature difference of Siduhe reach is 0.5℃,which is only one third of Yiduhe reach.③ Stream near-natural control measurements also can shorten the temperature difference among different soil layers through restoring the vegetation of riparian,and regulate the temperature of soil layer,keep the soil moisture of deep soil layers.④ The plant diversity of Siduhe reach which has been managed by near-natural control measurements is three times higher than Yiduhe reach,therefore,we can say near-natural control measurements can keep and restore plant diversity of riparian.

关 键 词：河溪近自然治理 传统水工治理 自然状态 环境效应 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.1