牙种植体即刻负重临床疗效观察  

Clinical Observation for Immediate Loading of Dental Implant

作　　者：帅李娅[1] 陈建钢[1] 铁朝荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学中南医院,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《口腔颌面外科杂志》2008年第5期332-334,共3页Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

基　　金：湖北省科技攻关计划项目(2006AA301B59-7)

摘　　要：目的:种植体即刻负重技术有益于缩短种植手术与修复的"等待期",及时满足美观和咀嚼要求,进一步扩大种植义齿临床适应证。本文旨在探讨该技术的适应证、操作技巧,评价其临床疗效。方法:CDIC种植体植入23例牙缺失患者,共植入49枚种植体,术后1周内完成上部结构修复,经检测种植体动度、GI及有无种植体周围炎、口腔全景片等指标,评价临床成功率。结果:随访1～6年,23例患者中,仅1例患者的1枚种植体松动、脱落,其余种植体均获临床成功,临床成功率为98%。结论:即刻负重修复患者应为牙槽嵴丰满之中青年患者,种植体周围应有足够的骨壁包绕,以增加初期稳定性。从黏骨膜瓣环切至种植体窝洞预备,都应贯彻"宁小勿大"原则,增加种植体的嵌合能力。一期法、非翻瓣式手术有利于软组织愈合,减少种植体周围炎发生几率。前牙即刻负重修复时,多枚种植体的连冠(T-T)修复优于单枚种植体修复,后牙即刻负重适用于2颗以上的种植体支持式固定修复,以分散力,增加稳定性。Objective： The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of immediate loading to implants. Methods： CDIC implants were useds by one-stage operation in 23 cases, including 49 implants. After one week, upper structures were restored. Primary stability, GI, peri-implantitis, panoramic x-rays films were analysed to determine the elinical results. Results： After 1-6 year follow-up, 48 implants in 22 cases were remained. 1 implant was lost. The clinical successful rate was 98%. Conclusion： Immediate implant technique is suitable for adequate amount of alveolar bone cases in young adults. The bone quantity around implant must be enough to ensure good primary stability. From mueosa cut to bone drill, the diameter should be smaller than the implant size. One-stage and flapless technique is benefit for wound healing of soft tissue, as well as for prevention of peri-implantitis. For anterior implants, T-T restoraion is better than single tooth. As posterior implants, implant-support prosthesis was recommeded for reducing bite force and incresing safety.

关 键 词：种植体 即刻负重 修复 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]