纤维素酶水解棕榈壳制取乙醇研究  

Saccharification of palm shell by cellulase to produce ethanol

作　　者：张宇[1,2] 许敬亮[1] 王琼[1,2] 徐明忠[1,2] 庄新姝[1] 李东[1,2] 袁振宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所,中国科学院可再生能源与天然气水合物重点实验室,广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第10期186-189,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(No.2007AA05Z406和No.2007AA100702);国家自然科学基金(50776093);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-YW-11)

摘　　要：先将棕榈壳置于多功能水解反应器中于200℃,4.0 MPa,液固比15∶1,搅拌转速500 r/min条件下纯水预处理5 min,半纤维素和纤维素含量分别从21.74%,45.42%变为2.35%,47.63%,再以一定比例混合预处理液与棕榈壳残渣,研究液固比,温度,加酶量和时间对棕榈壳糖化工艺的影响,结果表明液固比为16∶1最合适,低温37℃比高温50℃更有利于棕榈壳的糖化,从长时间看,加酶量并不完全与原料转化率成正相关,以小于10 FPU/g为宜。糖化效果取决于β-葡萄糖苷酶对葡萄糖的耐受性以及预处理效果。采用酿酒酵母对糖化液发酵,乙醇得率为77%。通过电镜扫描发现,预处理与酶解后的残渣的结构比原料明显疏松,长条状晶束结构有着不同的程度的破坏,但木质素结构破坏较小。Palm shell is one of broad renewable sources, which could be converted to ethanol by pretreatment, saccharification and fermentation. Palm shell was pretreated in diluted acid hydrolysis reactor under such conditions： 200℃, 4.0 MPa, 500 r/min for 5 min, which made those contents of hemicelluloses and celluloses in palm shell change from 21.74%, 45.42% to 2.35%, 47.63%, respectively. Effects of palm shell saccharification by three factors （L/S ratio, temperature and cellulase added amount） were researched, which indicated that 16：1 of L/S ratio and low temperature 37℃ were more propitious to saccharification. Cellulase-adding amount did not positively proportionate with transformation rate of raw material. Effect of saccharification was decided by pretreatment and tolerance of β-glucosidase to glucose. Palm shell saccharification liquid was fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and ethanol transformation rate got to 87.5%. According SEM, it was discovered that microcosmic structure ofpretreated and saccharificated palm shell was much looser than that of raw palm shell, and long linear structure of raw palm shell was broken, but the basic frame did not have apparent change because of lignin existence.

关 键 词：葡萄糖 乙醇 糖化 棕榈壳 纤维素酶 

分 类 号：TQ353.4[化学工程] S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]