氮肥基追比对抗虫杂交棉叶片衰老和产量的影响  

Effects of Different Ratios of Base and Topdressing Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Leaf Senescence and Yield of Insect-resistant Hybrid Cotton

作　　者：马宗斌[1] 房卫平[2] 谢德意[2] 李伶俐[1] 朱伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2008年第10期2062-2066,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：农业科技跨越计划项目(2006年第13项);河南省科技攻关项目(0624100018)

摘　　要：在盆栽条件下,研究了3种氮肥基追比(2∶1、1∶1和1∶2)对抗虫杂交棉‘豫杂35’的叶片衰老特性和产量的影响。结果表明,氮肥基追比为1∶2处理的棉花植株在盛蕾期和开花期的叶片SOD、POD活性和叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质含量相对较低,MDA含量较高;但在盛铃期之后,其叶片SOD、POD活性和叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质含量却相对较高,MDA含量较低。氮肥基追比为1∶2处理的皮棉产量分别比1∶1和2∶1处理显著增加3.66%和7.33%。研究发现,在本实验条件下,合适的氮肥基追比(1∶2)能保持生育后期棉花叶片活性氧代谢相对协调,延缓棉花叶片的衰老进程,从而显著提高棉花产量。Pot experiment using equal amounts of nitrogen in different ratios of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer i. e. 2 = 1,1 ： 1,1： 2, respectively, was completed to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer types on leaf senescence and yield of insect-resistant hybrid cotton ‘Yuza 35’. The results showed that SOD,POD activities, and the content of chlorophyll, soluble protein were lower, and MDA content was higher in leaves on full budding and flowering stage when the ratios of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer was 1 ：2 applied. But SOD, POD activities and the content of chlorophyll, soluble protein were the higher,and MDA content was lower in leaves after full boiling stage. 3. 66% and 7.33% more yield was harvested compared with the ratios of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer was 1 ： 1 and 2 ：1,respectively, It was concluded that leaf senescence be postponed when the ratios of base and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer was 1 = 2.

关 键 词：氮肥基追比 抗虫杂交棉 叶片衰老 活性氧代谢 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]