基于营养系统的灾害避难所规划的概念模型  

Conceptual Model of Disaster Shelter Planning Based on the Vitae System

作　　者：徐伟[1,2] 冈田宪夫[3] 徐小黎[4] 史培军[1,2,5] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [2]民政部/育部减灾与应急管理研究院,北京100875 [3]日本京都大学防灾研究所,宇治6110011 [4]国土资源部中国土地勘测规划院,北京100035 [5]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《灾害学》2008年第4期59-65,100,共8页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40535024);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD20B02)

摘　　要：通过对比中、日、美3国的灾害避难所及其规划设计指导手册,总结了灾害避难所的基本类型和避难所规划的空间尺度(范围)。从营养系统的角度给出了避难所规划的3个大类及8个实施标准,并以此为基础,提出了灾害避难所规划或评价的3个基本模式。In this paper, the concepts and types of disaster shelters are reviewed and systematically examined and different spatial scales of shelter planning are summarized by comparing some existing shelter planning practices in China, Japan and USA. Then 3 types of disaster shelter planning and 8 implementing standards are proposed in the terms of the Vitae System. Based on it, 3 basic models for disaster shelter planning and evaluation are established.

关 键 词：灾害避难所 规划 营养系统 概念模型 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]