蘑菇菌糠二次增效发酵及其作物栽培应用  

Use of Spent Mushroom Compost in the Preparation of a Superior Horticultural Substrate

作　　者：李加友[1] 苗淑杏[2] 姚祥坦[3] 

机构地区：[1]嘉兴学院生物与化学工程学院,浙江嘉兴314001 [2]金陵科技学院园艺学院,江苏南京210038 [3]嘉兴市农科院,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2008年第3期75-79,共5页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：嘉兴市科技局资助项目"双孢蘑菇无废生产关键技术开发"(编号2007AY2083)的部分研究内容

摘　　要：蘑菇菌糠含有丰富的有机质,且有良好的持水和透气能力。通过对蘑菇菌糠进行二次增效发酵,其作为园艺栽培基质的性能有了较大的提高,处理后的菌糠容重0.225 g/cm3、吸水力156.3 g/100 g、最大持水量60.2%、电导率(EC)3.05 mS/cm、pH 6.69、阳离子交换容量(CEC)40.25 mmol/kg;基本组分也发生了相应变化:粗纤维含量下降了5.8%,粗蛋白和粗脂肪分别提高了1.3%和0.7%,总有机质含量下降了0.6%,碳氮比下降了6.2%。与蛭石复配后用于辣椒和茄子的栽培效果与草炭土相当,但成本更低,可用作优良的园艺基质原料。Spent mushroom compost （SMC） is rich in organic matter, and is characterized by high water retention and gaseous exchange capacities. SMC has been subjected to a two-stage fermentation process to create a superior horticultural substrate with the following properties： volume weight 0. 225 g/cm^3 , water absorption rate 156.3 g/100 g, maximal water retaining capacity 60.2%, electrical conductivity 3.05 mS/cm, pH 6.69, and cation exchange capacity 40.25 mmol/kg. The two-stage fermentation resulted in a 5.8% decrease in crude cellulose, a 1.3% increase in crude protein, a 0.7% increase in crude fat, a 0.6% decrease in total organic matter, and a 6.2% decrease in the C ： N ratio. An optimized horticultural substrate （postsecondary fermented SMC ： vermiculite mixed in a 6 ： 4 ratio） generated yields of chilli and eggplant that were equivalent to those produced using a peat ： vermiculite mix but at lower cost. SMC represents an excellent resource for the development of superior horticultural substrates.

关 键 词：蘑菇菌糠 发酵 园艺基质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]