秦岭西部山地针叶林凋落物持水特性  

Water-holding characteristics of coniferous forest litters in west Qinling Mountains

作　　者：常雅军[1] 曹靖[1] 马建伟 陈琦[1] 赵琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生命科学学院干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]小陇山林业科学研究所,甘肃天水741022

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第11期2346-2351,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671666);国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J0630644);甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(3ZS051-A25-019)

摘　　要：采用野外实地观测与室内浸提法,对秦岭西部地区4种主要针叶林(华北落叶松、日本落叶松、粗枝云杉和欧洲云杉)林地凋落物的储量、持水量、持水率和吸水速率进行了研究.结果表明:林龄相近的4种针叶林林下凋落物储量大小依次为粗枝云杉(29.81t.hm-2)>欧洲云杉(26.17t.hm-2)>日本落叶松(13.30t.hm-2)>华北落叶松(8.46t.hm-2);不同林型不同分解程度凋落物的持水量和持水率与浸泡时间皆呈对数关系,其吸水速率与浸泡时间呈幂函数关系,而各种持水特性与森林类型和凋落物的分解程度无关;研究区4种针叶林半分解层凋落物的持水能力均强于分解层,而落叶松林的持水能力较云杉林强.By the methods of field survey and soaking extraction, the storage, water-holding capacity, water-holding rate, and water-absorption rate of the litters in Larix principis-ruprechtii, Larix kaempferi, Picea asperate, and Picea abies plantations in west Qinling Mountains were studied. The results showed that the litter storage in the four similar aged coniferous forests decreased in the order of P. asperate （29. 81 t·hm^-2） 〉 P. abies （26. 17 t·hm^-2） 〉 L. kaempferi （13.30 t·hm^-2） 〉 L. ruprechtii （8.46 t·hm^-2 ）. The water-holding capacity and water-holding rate of the litters at different decomposition degree changed logarithmically with soaking time while the water-absorption rate assumed a power function, but all the test water-holding characteristics had less correlation with forest type and litter decomposition degree. Under the four coniferous forests, the litters in semi-decomposed layer had a stronger water-holding capability than those in decomposed layer, and the wa- ter-holding capability of the litters under larch forest was stronger than that under spruce forest.

关 键 词：秦岭西部 针叶林 凋落物 持水量 持水率 吸水速率 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]