曝气生物滤池处理生物质废水及降解菌分析  

Application of Biological Aerated Filter in Treating Biomass Wastewater and Its Microbial Population Characteristics

作　　者：杨金水[1] 刘伟杰[1] 吴佳莲[1] 李宝珍[1] 袁红莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100094

出　　处：《环境科学》2008年第11期3133-3137,共5页Environmental Science

基　　金：'十一五'国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD07A01);国家自然科学基金项目(30700010)

摘　　要：生物质污水含有大量的纤维素、半纤维素、淀粉、糖类、有机酸、蛋白质,COD值很高,严重污染环境,并造成生物质资源浪费.采用曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理生物质污水,通过分析污水化学需氧量(COD),总氮(TN)的去除率表征该系统对高COD生物质污水的处理效果.结果表明,水力停留时间(HRT)为10 h,进水运行10 h后,出水平均COD为74.90 mg/L,总氮(TN)为1.21 mg/L,去除率分别达到95.7%与94.5%,均达到国家污水综合排放标准(GB 8978-1996)第二类污染物最高允许排放浓度的一级标准.系统运行稳定后,利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察载体的表面微生物的挂膜情况,并结合微生物分离、单菌处理效果评价、16S rDNA鉴定技术对系统内去除COD的优势菌群进行了分析,优势菌群为假单孢菌属、不动杆菌属、寡养单胞菌属、红球菌属、微杆菌属.Biomass wastewater contains plenty of cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, saccharide, organic acid and protein. It has high COD value and leads to environment pollution and resource waste. Biomass wastewater was treated in this investigate using a biological aerated filter （BAF） on laboratory scale, and the effect of treatment in different hydraulic retention time （HRT） had been studied. The results show that the optimum HRT is 10 h. The value of COD and TN in effluent is 74.90 mg/L and 1.21 mg/L respectively when run 10 h, which are under the highest concentration of the second category of pollutant discharge allowed in the state sewage discharge standard （GB 8978-1996）. When the system is stabile, evaluating the population characteristics of dominating microorganism in BAF with biology analysis such as microbial screening, single bacteria evaluation and 16S rDNA sequences analysis. The dominant bacteria belonged to Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter sp., Stenotrophorrtonas sp., Rhodococcus sp. and Microbacterium sp..

关 键 词：曝气生物滤池 生物质废水 微生物分离 16SRDNA序列 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703