留学生汉语正反问句习得中的选择偏向及其制约因素  

Inclination of Choice on acquisition of affirmative-negative questions and its influence factors

作　　者：丁雪欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学华文学院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2008年第4期101-113,共13页Chinese Teaching in the World

摘　　要：通过对留学生调查语料的定量和定性分析发现，初中级留学生所用正反问句中，正反问句句式的数量分布大体和汉语本族语相似，与汉语本族语分布的不同主要受句法处理难度和跨语言普遍性的影响。构成正反重叠结构“X不X”的词语集中于少数几个常用核心词，主要与交际需求、正反重叠结构本身对词语的制约及“语块化”策略相关。留学生对近义的正反问句句式及是非问句和正反问句之间皆有选择偏向，主要受语言处理难度、语用功能、汉语本族语分布特征以及语言普遍性的影响。Through the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data from a case of a group of foreign students,this paper finds that quantity distribution of the affirmative-negative question used in Chinese as a second language is similar to that as the first language,and where dissimilarity exists,the influences of communication requirement,language universals and markedness are found.Only a few commonly-used nuclear words can be used in the affirmative-negative construction X bù(不)X.Due to the influences of linguistic processing difficulty,pragmatic function,the distribution features of Chinese itself and language universals,the student has an inclination in choosing from among the synonymous affirmative-negative questions,as well as between yes-no questions and affirmative-negative questions.

关 键 词：正反问句 数量分布 选择偏向 制约因素 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]