FACE对三系杂交籼稻汕优63产量形成的影响  

Effect of Free Air CO_2 Enrichment(FACE)on Yield Formation of Three-line Indica Hybrid Rice Cultivar Shanyou 63

作　　者：刘红江[1] 杨连新[1] 黄建晔[1] 董桂春[1] 杨欢[1] 朱建国[2] 刘钢[2] 王余龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第6期2285-2290,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30471013,30671226);国家自然科学基金重大国际合作研究项目(40120140817);江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(07-G-023)

摘　　要：2004—2006年利用我国农田开放式空气CO2浓度增高(FACE)研究平台,以三系杂交籼稻汕优63为供试材料,设计比大气CO2浓度(对照,370μmol·mol-1)高200μmol·mol-1的FACE处理(570μmol·mol-1)和施N量为125kg·hm-(2LN)、250kg·hm-2(NN)处理,研究其对汕优63产量形成的影响。结果表明:(1)FACE处理使汕优63成熟期株高比对照提高6.7%,达极显著水平;FACE处理对汕优63全生育期日数无显著影响;(2)FACE处理使汕优63产量平均比对照增加34.1%,其中2004、2005、2006年分别增加42.4%、27.3%和31.2%,均达极显著水平;年度间、CO2和年度的互作效应对产量的影响达显著或极显著水平;(3)FACE处理使汕优63单位面积穗数、每穗颖花数、单位面积颖花量、结实率和千粒重平均比对照增加10.3%、10.3%、21.7%、4.9%和4.3%,均达显著或极显著水平;(4)N处理对汕优63产量和产量构成因素的影响均未达显著水平,但N×年度对单位面积的穗数、颖花量、以及产量均有显著互作效应。In this study, the Chinese unique Free Air CO2 Enrichment FACE, 200 μmol·mol^-1 higher than ambient AMB research platform was used to investigate the effects of FACE on grain yield formation of three-line indica hybrid rice cultivar Shanyou 63 under two levels of N input：Low （LN, 125 kg·hm^-2）and normal N （NN, 250 kg·hm^-2）in 2004--2006. The results showed that： （ 1 ）Compared with AMB treatments, FACE significantly increased plant height by 6.7% on average at maturity of Shanyou 63（P〈0.01 ）, however, no CO2 effect was observed on the whole growth duration of Shanyou 63. （2）On average, FACE increased the grain yield of Shanyou 63 significantly （P〈0.01）, with an average increase of 34.8% across the three years （42.4%, 27.3% and 31.2% in 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively）. The year effect and the interaction between [CO2]xyear were significant（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）for grain yield. （3）FACE increased yield components of Shanyou 63 significantly（P〈 0.05 or P〈0.01 ）, averaging 10.3%, 10.3%, 21.7%, 4.9% and 4.3% for panicle number per unit area, spikelet number per panicle, spikelet number per unit area, filled grain percentage and 1 000-grain weight, respectively. （4）N effect was not significant on yield and its components of Shanyou 63, while its interaction with year was significant for panicle number, spikelet number and grain yield per unit area.

关 键 词：三系杂交籼稻 开放式空气CO2浓度增高(FACE) 生育期 产量及其构成因素 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]