种植方式对水稻CH_4排放的影响  

Impact of Rice Cultivation Patterns on Methane Emission from Paddy Field

作　　者：傅志强[1] 黄璜[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学理学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第6期2513-2517,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划"国家粮食丰产科技工程"资助项目(2006BAD02A01)

摘　　要：应用静止箱取样技术观测了直播与移栽稻甲烷排放量,同时测定了根系生长活力,比较了两者的差异。结果表明,直播稻与移栽稻呈现相同的甲烷排放日变化与季节变化模式;基于本田生长期甲烷排放量比较,直播稻甲烷排放通量低于移栽稻,但甲烷排放总量高于移栽稻,两者差异显著(P<0.05)。甲烷排放量与根系活力相关性分析表明,甲烷排放与根系活力、根系吸收能力呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05);根系活力对移栽稻全生育期甲烷排放影响较大,相关性达0.05水平,但直播稻并不显著;直播稻全生育期的甲烷排放通量与根系吸收能力呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而移栽稻在生长中后期受根系吸收能力的影响较大。因此水稻根系活力是影响甲烷排放的重要因素;加强田间水分管理,减少直播稻甲烷排放十分必要。The methane emission flux was determined in paddy field of early and late rice under translating and direct sowing patterns, respectively, using the static box sampling technique in 2005 and 2006. The results analyzed on difference between the direct sowing rice （DSR） and the translating rice （TR） patterns were shown that, the methane emission under DSR and TR presented the same daily variation and seasonal law. The methane flux under DSR was significantly lower but the amount of methane emission under DSR was significantly greater than that under TR based on rice growth stage in paddy field （except of seedling field）. The main reasons were as follows： i ） days of rice growing under DSR in paddy field was longer than that under TR; ii ） seedlings per area under DSR were greater than that under of TR; iii） root activity under DSR was higher than that under TR, especially at the rice middle and late stages. Further analysis on the correlation showed that methane emission was positive with activity and absorbing ability of rice root. The root activity affected methane emission over the whole rice growth season and there was significant correlation （P〈0.05） beween the root activity and methane emission under TR, but not significant correlation under DSR. There was positive correlation between the methane emission flux and root absorbing ability under DSR, while root absorbing ability affected methane emission only at the rice middle and late growth stages under TR. Therefore, rice root activity is one of the key factors which affect methane emission from paddy soil, and it is necessary to reduce the methane emission of DSR by controlling root activity with the area of direct sowing rice increasing in southern China.

关 键 词：水稻 直播 甲烷排放 机理 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]