半球形容器中液体自由晃动非线性现象的实验研究  

Experimental investigation of nonlinear liquid sloshing in a hemispherical container

作　　者：王为[1] 夏恒新[2] 李俊峰[1] 高云峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084 [2]南京理工大学机械学院,南京210000

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第11期2009-2012,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(90505006)

摘　　要：为了研究航天工程经常采用的半球形容器中液体自由晃动的非线性现象,采用激光位移传感器测量了半球形容器中液体第一阶侧向晃动自由衰减时波高随时间的变化情况,然后通过数据处理进一步得到了频率和阻尼比的时间历程。结果表明,整个晃动过程可以分为比较分明的非线性和线性2个部分;在非线性部分不论何种液深情况液体的大幅晃动都表现出软特性,这与矩形容器的情况有所区别;晃动过程中阻尼比随振幅的变化关系比较复杂,值得注意的是阻尼比第一次起伏结束的时刻与频率由上升过渡到平稳的时刻大体一致。The nonlinear phenomenon of liquid free sloshing in a hemispherical container is commonly used in aerospace engineering. The variations of the wave height with time in damped sloshing in the first lateral mode were measured using laser displacement sensors, with the variations of the frequencies and damping ratios with time obtained after data processing. The results show that the sloshing can be divided into linear and nonlinear parts. In the nonlinear part, the sloshing with large amplitudes shows a softening behavior regardless of the liquid depth, which differs from such flows in a rectangular container. The relationship between the damping ratio and the amplitude is very complex, with the notable observation that the damping ratios curve changes slope at about the same point as the turning point of frequencies.

关 键 词：液体晃动 非线性 半球形容器 频率 阻尼 实验 

分 类 号：O353.1[理学—流体力学]