室内火灾熄灭临界关系的理论分析  

Theoretical analysis of critical extinguishing condition of room fire

作　　者：牛国庆[1,2] 余明高[1] 徐志胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]中南大学防灾科学与安全技术研究所,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2008年第5期70-74,共5页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50476033);河南省杰出青年人才创新基金资助项目(0421000800)

摘　　要：应用熄火热理论,对发生火灾时室内气体的得热和散热进行了详细分析,分别得到了在墙壁热惯性较高和热惯性较低两种情况下的临界熄火关系式。研究表明,墙壁热惯性较大时,室内气体通过墙壁和开口进行对流散热,室内气体得热量越大,或散热量越小,火灾愈难以熄灭;在墙壁热惯性较小时,室内气体只能通过开口与外界气体对流散热,因而室内火灾也更加难以控制。Thennal extinguishing theory was used and the rates of heat gain and loss of the indoor gas were analyzed detailed. The critical extinguishing conditions were given for two cases of wall with large and low thermal inertias. The research indicates that In case of large thermal inertia, hot smoke layer loses convective heat through walls and opening. The more heat gains, or less heat losses, the great the difficulty for the fires to be extinguished. In case of low thermal inertia, the convective heat losses were entirely controlled by heat transfer through opening. Obviously, in case of walls with low thermal inertia, the fires are more difficult to control.

关 键 词：火灾 熄火热理论 临界关系 温度 

分 类 号：X45[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]