1300MPa级在线热处理钢轨使用性能研究  

Study on the Service Performance of 1300 MPa Online Heat Treatment Rails

作　　者：张银花[1] 周清跃[2] 陈朝阳[1] 刘丰收[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2008年第6期23-29,共7页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家“十五”科技攻关项目(004BA317B-3)

摘　　要：对铺设在北京、太原、上海和郑州铁路局的半径为300-500m曲线上的60kg·m^-1 PG4在线热处理钢轨的使用性能进行跟踪观测，研究提高重载小半径曲线钢轨的使用寿命。研究结果表明，60kg·m^-1PG4在线热处理钢轨硬度高、耐磨性能好；在使用初期，钢轨磨耗少，钢轨表面容易出现剥离掉块，此时如果采用液体润滑，会加剧钢轨表面的剥离掉块；钢轨的磨耗主要出现在曲线的圆缓或缓圆部位，当钢轨磨耗到一定程度后，侧磨加快，如果采用正确的固体润滑方法，可使钢轨的侧磨得到有效地控制，且钢轨不会出现严重的剥离掉块；PG4在线热处理钢轨的综合使用性能良好，耐磨性能比U75V热处理钢轨提高1倍以上，适合在钢轨磨耗严重的重载铁路小半径曲线上使用；对钢轨实施预防性打磨、设置适当的欠超高、采用1：20的轨底坡等改善轮轨匹配关系降低接触应力的措施，均对提高重载铁路曲线区段上钢轨的使用寿命具有重要的作用。The follow-up observations have been carried out on the service performance of 60 kg · m^-1 PG4 online heat treatment rails on 3004500 m radius curves in Beijing, Taiyuan, Shanghai and Zhengzhou Railway Administrations. How to improve the service life of heavy haul rails used in curve lines with small radius is discussed. Study results show that 60 kg · m^-1 PG4 online heat treatment rails have high hardness and good property of wear resistance. During the initial stage, rail wear is little and the spalling easily occurs on the tread of rail. At this time, occurrence of spalling will be quickened with liquid lubrication. Rail wear mainly occurs at spiral to curve. With the developing of wear, the lateral wear will be quickened. If the right solid lubrication method is used, the lateral wear will be effectively controlled. At same time, severe spalling will not occur. 60 kg · m^-1 PG4 on-line heat treatment rails has a better comprehensive service performance than U75V heat treatment rails, and its wear resistance is above one time higher than that of U75V heat treatment rails. It is suitable to be used on heavy haul railway with small radius curve and severe rail wear. Such measures as the preventive grinding of rails, appropriate deficient superel- evation, and appropriate cant （1 ＂ 20） are taken to improve wheel-rail matching relationship and reduce the contact stress. These measures play significant roles in prolong the service life of rails used on the curve sections of heavy haul railways.

关 键 词：1 300 MPA级 在线热处理钢轨 小半径曲线 钢轨磨耗 跟踪观测 

分 类 号：U213.41[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]