试论中国古代的“痧”  

Research on"Sha"in Ancient China

作　　者：纪征瀚[1] 郑金生[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京100700 [2]中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《上海中医药大学学报》2008年第6期19-22,共4页Academic Journal of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家清史纂修工程项目(200410120203024)

摘　　要：中国古代有关"痧"的历史大致可划分为沙虫、沙病、痧胀三个阶段。"沙虫"以水中射工、沙虱毒为代表。"沙病"记载首见于南宋,为一组症状,通过刮擦皮肤引起局部出现沙粟状的红色瘀点,俗称"得沙"。"痧胀"兴起于清代,范围颇广,基本成为疫病和不明疾病的总称。"痧"最后在清末衰落,20世纪中又逐渐回归"沙病"。The history of ＂Sha＂in ancient China can be divided into three stages as sha worm, sha disease and sha tympany. ＂Sha worm＂ is represented by insects in water like She Gong and Sha Shi. ＂Sha disease＂ was firstly recorded in Southern Song dynasty as a group of symptoms. The process of scraping skin to evoke sand-grain-like red petechia was commonly called ＂get sha＂. ＂Sha tympany＂ sprang up in Qing dynasty with its range expanding rapidly and became the generic name of epidemics and unknown diseases. ＂Sha＂ declined at the end of Qing Dynasty and returned to ＂sha disease＂ in the mid of 20th century.

关 键 词：痧 沙虫 沙病 痧胀 古代 疾病史 

分 类 号：R244.4[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]