铁路货车横向非线性动态行为的理论与试验研究  

Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on Nonlinear Lateral Dynamical Behavior of Railway Wagon

作　　者：翟婉明[1] 王开云[1] 陈建政[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2008年第11期138-144,共7页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50475111;50521503);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2007CB714706)资助项目。

摘　　要：运用车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,建立三大件式转向架货车与轨道结构耦合动力学模型,详细考虑货车系统非线性特性,包括轮轨接触非线性、轴箱间隙非线性、楔块干摩擦非线性及转向架抗菱刚度非线性等。以我国广泛运用的转8A转向架货车为例,从理论上分析货车的横向非线性运动稳定性。结果表明,空车蛇行失稳临界速度仅为78 km/h。实车运行试验的结果表明,当该型货车空车以75 km/h速度在直线轨道上运行时,车体表现出剧烈的横向蛇行运动现象,蛇行运动主频为2.69 Hz,蛇行波长为7.745 m。Based on the theory of vehicle-track coupled dynamics, a dynamic model for the three-piece-bogie wagon and track structure system is established. The major nonlinearities containing in the wagon system, such as the wheel/rail contact, the axle-box clearance, the wedge Coulomb friction, and the rhombus distortion of bogie frame, are considered in the model. Taking the Chinese main type wagon with Z8A three-piece-bogie as an example, the nonlinear lateral running stability of the wagon is analyzed theoretically. It is shown that the critical hunting stability speed is only 78 km/h in the case of unloaded wagon. A field running experiment is carried out and the results shows that strong hunting motion occurs when an empty wagon with the Z8A type bogie runs on a straight track with the speed of 75 km/h. The predominant frequency of the hunting motion of the car body is 2.69 Hz, and the wavelength of the hunting motion is 7.745 m.

关 键 词：铁道车辆 货车 非线性动力学 蛇行稳定性 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]