介词“往”的功能及相关问题  

The Function of Preposition wang(往) and Related Issues

作　　者：曾传禄[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学对外汉语学院,上海200234 [2]贵州师范大学文学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《语言科学》2008年第6期647-658,共12页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"现代汉语空间范畴的认知与理解"(06BYY042)的阶段性成果;上海市重点学科建设项目(T0405)的资助

摘　　要："往"字短语在动词前、后分别构成A、B两种格式。"往"在A、B式中存在着功能差异:A式里"往"既能标引位移的目标、终点,也能标引方向;B式里"往"可以标引位移的目标、终点,不能标引方向。从位移事件的角度看,"往"、"向"既有区别也有联系:在A式中,都可以标引位移的方向、目标、终点,在B式中,"往"不能标引方向,"向"不能标引终点;"往"凸显位移的目标或终点,"向"凸显位移的过程或动作、状态的方向。动词在语义上的认知显著度对"往"、"向"的使用也有一定的影响。The prepositional phrases headed by wang can be ordered before verbs （pattern A） or after verbs （pattern B）. However the occurrences of wang in the two patterns are functionally different in the sense that it can introduce the objective, end-point and direction of a motion event in A but only the objective and end-point in B. xiang （向） and wang are two different prepositions that are also closely related in Chinese. From a perspective of motion events, both may introduce the direction, objective and end point in A; but wang cannot introduce the direction, while xiang cannot introduce the end point in B. wang highlights the objective or end-point of motion and xiang highlights the process or the direction of action or state. In semantics the cognitive salience of the verbs concerned has influence on the use of wang or xiang.

关 键 词：介词 位移事件 功能差异 动词 格式 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]