失神经骨骼肌萎缩机制的研究进展  

PROGRESS IN RESEARCH ON THE MECHANISM OF DENERVED SKELETAL MUSCLE ATROPHY

作　　者：彭建平[1] 陈晓东[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院骨科,上海200092

出　　处：《中国修复重建外科杂志》2008年第12期1511-1514,共4页Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30471748)~~

摘　　要：目的对近年失神经骨骼肌萎缩机制的研究进展作一综述。方法广泛查阅近年有关失神经骨骼肌萎缩的国内外文献,并进行综述。结果失神经骨骼肌萎缩的机制非常复杂,目前主要从组织学、细胞学和分子学的改变来研究萎缩机制。失神经骨骼肌纤维变细,排列紊乱,并有凋亡小体出现。促凋亡相关基因表达上调,抑制凋亡相关基因下调。骨骼肌卫星细胞在失神经支配后增多,但不能分化为成熟肌纤维,以致最后减少甚至耗竭。失神经支配萎缩的骨骼肌细胞中线粒体结构改变和代谢相关酶基因下调导致肌细胞代谢紊乱。结论骨骼肌纤维组织学改变,肌卫星细胞数量及分化改变,线粒体结构改变,凋亡相关基因和代谢相关基因表达发生改变均参与了失神经骨骼肌萎缩的发生。Objective To summarize the recent progress in research on the mechanism ot aenervea skeletal muscle atrophy. Methods The recently-published literatures at home and abroad on denerved skeletal muscle atrophy were reviewed and summarized. Results The mechanism of denerved skeletal muscle atrophy was very complex. At present, the study of the mechanism was based on the changes in histology, cytology and molecules. Fiber thinning and disorderly arrangement of denerved skeletal muscles were observed and apoptotic bodies were detected. Apoptosis-promoting genes expressed up- regulatedly and apoptosis-restraining genes expressed down-regulatedly. Muscle satellite cells increased after denervation, but then they decreased and disappeared because they could not differentiate to mature muscle fibers. The structural change of cytomiscrosome and down-regulation of metabolism-related enzymes induced cell metabolism disorder. Condusion The histological change of skeletal muscle fibers, the change of the number of muscle satellite cells and differentiation, the structural change of cytomiscrosome and the change of apoptosis-related and metabolism-related gene expressions contribute to denerved skeletal muscle atrophy.

关 键 词：骨骼肌萎缩 失神经支配 机制 

分 类 号：R746.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]