木霉菌对灰葡萄孢菌的拮抗作用  

Antagonism Effect of Trichoderma on Botrytis Cinerea

作　　者：康萍芝[1] 张丽荣[1] 沈瑞清[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《内蒙古农业科技》2008年第6期49-51,共3页Inner Mongolia Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目"宁夏木霉菌多样性及其生防菌研究"部分内容(NZ0643)

摘　　要：对采自宁夏14个市县的170份土样及其它材料进行分离,得到96个木霉菌株,采用形态分类方法鉴定出9种木霉菌以及2种未知名菌种,它们分别为哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)、绿色木霉(T.viride)、长枝木霉(T.longibrachiatum)、康氏木霉(T.koningii)、拟康氏木霉(T.pseudokoningii)、顶孢木霉(T.fertile)、黄绿木霉(T.aureoviride)、深绿木霉(T.atroviride)、钩状木霉(T.hamatum)以及T.sp1和T.sp2。拮抗作用和抑菌活性测定结果表明:11种木霉菌对葡萄、番茄和黄瓜灰霉病的致病菌——灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea Pers sp.)均有不同程度的拮抗作用,其中哈茨木霉、绿色木霉、黄绿木霉、钩状木霉和T.sp1对病原菌的拮抗作用及抑菌活性显著,其生长速度比病原菌平均快1.1～3.0倍;在对峙培养中拮抗系数达Ⅰ级或Ⅱ级,其抑菌率高达98.78%。Ninety-six strains of Trichoderma were isolated from one hundred seventy samples of soil and other materials collected from fourteen regions in Ningxia. The morphological identification work indicated that they belonged to nine species of Trichoderma and two unidentified Trichoderma species,namely Trichoderma harzianum, T.viride, T.longibrachiatum, T.koningii, T.pseudokoningii ,T.fertile ,T.aureoviride ,T.atroviride,T.hamatum,T.spl and T.sp2.The antagonism and antibacterial activity test result showed that there were different antagonisms between eleven Trichoderma species and Botrytis cinerea in grap, tomato and cucumber,especially,inhibition of Trichoderma harzianum,T.viride,T.aureoviride,T.hamatum and T.spl.were more obvious. Their growth rates are 1.1-3.0 times faster than Botrytis Cinerea Pers sp.Their inhibition index and inhibition rates repectively reached Ⅰ or Ⅱ and 98.78%.

关 键 词：衣霉菌 灰葡萄孢菌 拮抗作用 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：S435.111[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]