不同结构内嵌式记忆合金电机形变模型与性能研究  

Deformation Modeling and Performance Research of Different Structures of Embedded Shape Memory Alloy Actuators

作　　者：杨凯[1] 辜承林[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,湖北省武汉市430074

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2008年第33期87-91,共5页Proceedings of the CSEE

摘　　要：研究了3类电机的运行原理与分析模型,并就样机研制工艺、运行性能等进行全面比较研究。研究表明,形状记忆合金(shape memory alloy,SMA)丝材采用NiTi合金,端部连接型棒材为双组份胶,直线型棒材为单组份401,弯曲型棒材为单组份515;弯曲型和直线型比端部连接型内嵌式记忆合金(embedded shape memory alloy actuators,ESMAA)的集成度更高,更有利于发挥ESMAA的优势;直线型ESMAA中,SMA丝偏心嵌入硅胶棒,丝的定位精度受工艺影响较大,而弯曲型ESMAA中,丝与棒的同心度对电机最大曲率的影响较小;输出相同弯曲曲率时,弯曲型ESMAA中丝的预变形小,电机循环寿命长,适合于多台组合构成拟人机械手指。The embedded shape memory alloy actuators （ESMAAs）, which are actually elastic rods with embedded shape memory alloy （SMA） wires, have the abilities of integrating actuation components with deflexion components and serve as not only driving elements but also executing elements. Then, the shortcomings of conventional shape memory alloy actuators are solved radically. The ESMAAs can be divided into three sorts, i.e. ends-connected ESMAA, linear ESMAA and flexural ESMAA according to the manners of SMA wires embedded in the rods. The operation principles, analysis model, manufacture techniques and comparison of the operation characteristics were investigated. The research results show that, NiTi alloy is selected as the material for SMA wires, two-component room temperature vulcanization （RTV） is for ends-connected ESMAA, single-component RTV 401 is for linear ESMAA and single component RTV 515 is for flexural ESMAA. The flexural and linear actuators have higher integrated degree than ends-connected ESMAAs. In the linear ESMAA, the precision of location of the SMA wires greatly influences the properties of the actuators. On the contrary, the flexural ESMAAs have bigger tolerance. The flexural ESMAA, outputting the same curvature with smaller prestrain, have longer cycle life and facilitate producing humanoid robot hand＇s finger.

关 键 词：内嵌式 形状记忆合金电机 端部连接型 直线型 弯曲型 

分 类 号：TM352[电气工程—电机]