基于蒙特卡洛法的单室火灾热辐射计算  

Calculating Heat Radiation in a Single Compartment Fire by Monte-Carlo Method

作　　者：季经纬[1] 李全峰[1] 陈金林[1] 朱国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学能源与安全工程学院,徐州221008

出　　处：《燃烧科学与技术》2008年第6期487-490,共4页Journal of Combustion Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50406026);中国矿业大学科技基金资助项目(2006B001)

摘　　要：根据CFAST软件模拟简单房间着火后热烟气层温度及高度的变化情况,采用蒙特卡洛法计算热烟气层对房间地板面及地板中心1 m2面积上的平均热辐射通量.计算时,分别假设烟气层的辐射能力集中于热烟气层的下表面,或烟气层为温度均匀的灰体,结果表明两种假设的计算结果相近.根据两种假设计算出的地板面上的热辐射通量,预测出室内发生轰燃的时间分别是640 s和700 s,与CFAST软件的预测结果665 s相近.评估中引入热辐射对人体的伤害判据,其结果也可以用来估算安全疏散时间.Monte-Carlo method was used to calculate the average heat flux from the hot smoke layer to the whole bottom floor and to the central area of 1 m2 of the floor in a single compartment. In the calculation process, it is assumed that the whole radiation energy of the hot smoke layer was focused on its lower surface or that the hot smoke layer was a grey body with a uniform temperature. The calculation results show that the average heat fluxes to the floor and to the central area are approximately equal under the two assumptions. According to the values of incident heat flux to the floor obtained with the two assumptions, the flashover time in the compartment is 640 s and 700 s, respectively, close to 665 s, the flashover time forecast by CFAST. These results can also be used to estimate safety egress time if the damage criterion of heat radiation is introduced into the evaluation.

关 键 词：蒙特卡洛法 热辐射 室内火灾 

分 类 号：TK411[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]