颊肌粘膜瓣的应用解剖  

Anatomical study of the musculomucosal buccal flap

作　　者：吴爱群[1,2] 李寄云[1,2] 聂正明 张静[1,2] 马钊 楚宪襄[1,2] 李志栋[1,2] 解邦杰[1,2] 郭宝凤 

机构地区：[1]河南医科大学解剖学教研室 [2]河南武警总医院口腔科

出　　处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》1998年第1期31-34,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Anatomy

基　　金：河南省卫生厅基金

摘　　要：目的：为颌面外科设计颊肌粘膜瓣修复腭裂和口咽部肿瘤术后创面提供形态学依据。方法：采用５２侧成人头颈矢状断标本，借助解剖显微镜解剖和观察了颊肌粘膜瓣的神经和血管来源、行径、分支和分布特点。结果：颊肌粘膜瓣的感觉神经是颊神经，运动神经为面神经的颊支，其在第２、３磨牙相对的颊区与颊神经交通。颊肌粘膜瓣主要有三条动脉：颊动脉、面动脉和上牙槽后动脉的颊侧分支；其静脉较动脉丰富，向后注入翼丛，向前回流至面前静脉。并对颊肌和粘膜进行了测量，所得数据经统计学处理。结论：颊肌粘膜瓣是修复腭裂和口咽部肿瘤术后创面理想的粘膜瓣，临床可根据需要设计瓣的范围。在瓣的蒂部应掌握适当厚度，以防止瓣的血管和神经损伤。bjective:To provide morphological basis of the musculomucosal buccal flap designed for the maxillofacial surgery to repair cleft palate and postoperative wound in oral and pharyngeal tumors.Methods:The sagitlal specimens of the head and neck from 52 adult cadavers were dissected for the observation of the nerve and vessel origin,route,branches and their feature of distribution in the musculomucosal buccal flap area.　Results:The sensory nerve is buccal nerve.The motor nerve is buccal branches of the facial nerve,which communicates with the buccal nerve in the 2nd and the 3rd mandibular molar region.There are 3 primary arteries supplying bood to the flap:the buccal artery,the twigs of the postersuperior alveolar artery and the lateral buccal branches of the facial artery.The veins are abundant and converge into the anterior facial vein.The buccalor and buccal mucosa were measured and the data obtained were dealt statistically.Conclusions:Muscuiomucosal buccal flap is a satisfactory mucosal flap used to repair the cleft palate and the postoperative wound in oral and pharygeal tumors.The flap could be designed in accordance with specific conditions.The thickness of the flap should be suitable to keep the buccal vessels and nerves from being injured.

关 键 词：颊肌粘膜瓣 颊动脉 颊神经 解剖学 

分 类 号：R323.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]