大豆不同轮作系统主要植物线虫季节动态  

Seasonal Trend of Main Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Soybean Rhizosphere under Different Rotation Systems

作　　者：潘凤娟[1,2] 许艳丽[1] 李春杰[1] 韩新华[1,2] 刘伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]东北农业大学植物保护系,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《大豆科学》2008年第6期997-1002,共6页Soybean Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(kzcx2-yw-408)

摘　　要：为从线虫生态角度评价土壤健康状况和大豆轮作系统的合理性及预测大豆根部病害发生与为害，利用浅盘法收集大豆不同轮作系统下苗期、花期和结荚期土壤线虫，研究大豆不同生育期土壤总体线虫和重要属植物线虫群体动态。取大豆连作14年、小麦．玉米．大豆轮作、麦豆麦豆迎茬、米豆米豆迎茬和休闲区0-20cm土壤。结果表明：土壤中胞囊线虫密度为迎茬（米豆、麦豆）〉轮作〉连作〉休闲；从大豆苗期、花期至结荚期，各轮作系统胞囊线虫密度逐渐递增，麦豆迎茬和轮作土壤中总体线虫密度呈递增趋势，各轮作系统苗期和花期土壤总体线虫差异显著；3个时期，轮作土壤中总体线虫密度分别最大，而休闲土壤中螺旋-盘旋-拟盘旋线虫为优势种群。The population trends of soil nematodes and main plant-parasitic nematodes in different soybean growth period were researched, in order to evaluate soil health and rationality of soybean rotation systems, and to predict soybean mot diseases and damage. Soil nematodes were extracted by baermann plate teehnique in soybean seedling, flowering and seed-filling stage. There were 4 plant systems of soybean（ soybean continuous cropping 14 a, wheat/maize/soybean, wheat/soybean, maize/soybean） and a control （fallow）. The results showed that density of soybean cyst nematode （SCN）was higher in maize/soybean and wheat/soybean than that in soybean rotation system（wheat/maize/soybean） ,which was followed by soybean continuous cropping,there was almost no SCN in fallow. From soybean seedling to seed-filling,density of SCN gradually improved in each treatments, density of total soil nematodes constantly improved in wheat/soybean and soybean rotation system, there was a significant difference in the population of soil nematodes between soybean seedling and flowering. In the three soybean growth stages, the density of soil nematodes was highest in soybean rotation system, and Helicotylenchus- Rotylenchus-Pararotylenchus were dominant population in fallow.

关 键 词：大豆 根围 生育期 轮作系统 土壤线虫 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]