近40年来西北地区沙尘暴日数时空分布及变化趋势  

The temporal/spatial distribution and variation trends of dust storm in the northwestern china over the past forty years

作　　者：陈锦[1] 李东庆[1] 喻光明[2] 孟庆洲[1] 雍国武才[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000 [2]华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第4期659-664,共6页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40671039);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所人才引进基金(2004122);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-351).

摘　　要：利用西北地区134个气象台站1961年～2000年的沙尘暴日值资料，分析了我国西北地区沙尘暴的时空分布及变化趋势．结果表明，西北地区有5个沙尘暴高值区，分别位于南疆盆地南缘、柯坪盆地、河西走廊的民勤、内蒙古拐子湖和宁夏盐池；在季节分布上，沙尘暴主要发生在春季，占年沙尘暴总日数的50．4％，秋季最少，约占7．6％；12～20时是沙尘暴的高发时段，60．9％的沙尘暴发生在这一时段．就沙尘暴的年代际变化而言，20世纪70年代较60年代略有增加，从70年代至90年代，沙尘暴出现的频数一直在减少．总的来说，近40年来西北地区沙尘暴总日数整体上呈减少趋势．Based on available dust storm data for 134 weather stations from 1961 to 2000, the temporal and spatial distribution, variation trends in northwestern china were analyzed. The result showed that there were five severe sand storm regions, respectively locating in Minfeng in the south part of Nanjiang basin, Keping and Bachu in Keping basin, Minqin in Hexi corridor, Guaizihu in Alashan plateau and Yanchi in Ningxia province. About half of the sand storm took place in spring, only 7. 6% of the sand storm appeared in autumn. Among one day, from 12 ： 00 to 20 ： 00, sand storm was more likely come on, about 60.9 % of sand storm fell in this stage. Refers to sand storm variations in different decades, comparing with 1960s, sand storm days in 1970s had a slight addition, but from 1970s to 1990s, it had a sharply decline. In conclusion, sand storm days in northwestern China were on an obvious decline in the past forty years.

关 键 词：西北地区 沙尘暴 时空分布 变化趋势 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]