初中学生人格类型对心理旋转能力性别差异的影响  

The Influence of Personality Type on the Magnitude of Gender Difference in Mental Rotation Ability

作　　者：陶晓丽[1] 谢超香[2] 孙晓青[1] 陶维东[2] 

机构地区：[1]巢湖学院教育系,安徽巢湖238000 [2]西南大学心理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2008年第12期2323-2326,2320,共5页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：西南大学国家重点学科重大项目(XGZ413062和05003)资助

摘　　要：目的:考察初中学生心理旋转能力性别差异、典型A型和B型人格被试心理旋转能力状况,及人格类型与心理旋转能力性别差异的关系。方法:采用标准心理旋转能力测验和A型人格问卷调查了260名初中一年级至三年级被试,并对人格类型对心理旋转性别差异的影响进行方差分析。结果:心理旋转能力性别差异具有跨年级(初一至初三)的一致性(初一:男4.618±0.504,女3.400±0.536;初二:男7.389±0.400,女5.30±0.416;初三:男6.207±0.546,女4.286±0.534;F=12.586,P=0.000);(2)A型人格被试心理旋转能力高于B型人格被试(6.09±0.42/4.71±0.425;F=5.320,P=0.023);(3)A型人格被试性别差异显著(男7.259±0.583,女4.920±0.606;F=7.77,P=0.006),而B型人格被试性别差异不显著(男5.269±0.553,女4.255±0.646;F=2.26;P=0.136),人格类型是影响心理旋转能力性别差异因素之一。结论:尽管心理旋转能力存在显著的性别差异,但这种差异受众多因素影响。Objective： To investigate the gender difference in mental rotation ability of junior middle school students, the relationship between typical Type-A behavior and ability of mental rotation, and whether personality types affected the magnitude of gender differences on mental rotation ability or not. Methods： 260 students in junior high school were investigated by Type-A Behavior Inventory and Standard Mental Rotation Test. MANOVA and ANOVAs were applied to analyze the association between types of personality and its influence on the gender difference of mental rotation ability. Results： （1） Mental rotation test implied the consistency of gender differences among three grades （Grade one to Grade three）,in favor of males（Grade One： Male4.618± 0.504, Female 3.400± 0.536; Grade Two：Male 7.389± 0.400,Female 5.30± 0.416; Grade Three：Male 6.207± 0.546, Female4.286±0.534; F=12.586,P=0. 000）; （2） The ability of mental rotation in typical TypeA behavior were higher than that of Type-B behavior （6.09±0.42/4.71± 0.425; F=5.320, P=0.023）; （3）Personality type was one of the factors that influenced the magnitude of gender differences in ability ofmental rotation. Subjects with Type-A behavior had gender difference in ability of mental rotation （Male7.259±0.583, Female 4.920± 0.606; F=7.77,P=0.006）, while subjects with Type-B behavior did not have difference in ability of mental rotation between male and female （Male 5.269± 0.553,Female 4.255±0.646;F=2.26; P=0.136）. Conclusion： There is significant gender difference in ability of mental rotation. However, this difference is influenced by many factors.

关 键 词：心理旋转能力 A型人格 性别差异 断面调查 初中学生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]