我国中小学生参加家务劳动情况分析  

Analysis on the Housework Among Students in China

作　　者：刘爱玲[1] 胡小琪[1] 栾德春[2] 崔朝辉[1] 李艳平[1] 马冠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050 [2]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心营养食品所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2008年第12期1071-1073,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：卫生部、科技部重大专项经费资助项目(2001DEA30035、2003DIA6N008)

摘　　要：目的了解我国中小学生参加家务劳动的情况及影响因素,为制定有关措施促进中小学生综合素质的全面发展提供依据。方法使用2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查中"1年回顾性身体活动调查表"收集的资料,对我国11438名中小学生参加家务劳动的情况进行分析。结果有40.1%的被调查中小学生参加家务劳动,其中女生的比例(45.6%)高于男生(35.2%),城市学生(33.2%)低于农村学生(42.1%),小学生(34.9%)低于初中生(48.7%)和高中生(52.3%)。中小学生平均每天参加家务劳动的时间是16min,女生(20min)高于男生(13min),城市学生(12min)低于农村学生(17min),小学生(13min)低于初中生(20min)和高中生(21min)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性、高年级段、农村、低家庭收入、单亲家庭、父母文化程度低以及锻炼的学生平均每天参加家务劳动30min及以上的比例较高。结论我国中小学生家务劳动水平较低,受社会经济文化因素影响。家长应转变观念,鼓励中小学生积极参加家务劳动。Objective To describe the housework pattern and determinants of Chinese students, and to provide bases for making related measures. Methods Based on the data collected by physical activity questionnaire in 2002 China National Nutritional and Health Survey, total of 11 438 primary, junior and high school students（6 067 boys, 5 371 girls）were involved. Results Overall, 40.1% of students in China were involved in housework, with significant higher in girls than boys（45.6% vs 35.2%）. Less urban population did housework compared with rural population（33.2% vs 42.1%）. The proportion of primary, students（34.9% ） doing housework was lower than the junior（48.7% ） and high school students（52.3% ）. The average time spending on housework was 16 min/d, which was also lower in boys（ 13 vs 20 min/d} , in urban （12 vs 17.0 min/d）, and in primary students （13 vs 20 vs 21 min/d） than their counterparts. Multiple logistic analysis indicated that the girls, elder, rural, lower family income, single-parent, lower parents education level and exercise associated with the increased proportion of students spending more than 30min/d on housework. Conclusion The level of housework among Chinese students is low and influenced by socioeconomic status.

关 键 词：家务劳动服务 行为 因素分析 统计学 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G479[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]