高地应力条件下洞群稳定性的地质力学模型试验研究  

GEOMECHANICAL MODEL TEST ON STABILITY OF CAVERN GROUP UNDER HIGH GEOSTRESS

作　　者：朱维申[1] 李勇[1] 张磊[1] 辛小丽[1] 孙林锋[1] 马庆松[1] 陈五一[2] 李杰[2] 张罗彬[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学岩土与结构工程研究中心 [2]中国水电工程顾问集团公司成都勘测设计研究院,四川成都610072

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2008年第7期1308-1314,共7页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(90510019,50579033);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2002CB412705)

摘　　要：以大渡河上双江口水电站为工程背景,综合介绍高地应力条件下洞群稳定性的地质力学模型试验,其中包括模型试验钢结构台架、液压系统、围岩岩土相似材料、模型试验测试技术及元器件的研制、锚索和锚杆的制作与埋设技术、洞群的开挖及测试等。研制出的钢结构台架可成功模拟大埋深、高地应力的条件,与之相配套的全自动液压系统可实现同步非均匀梯度加载,具有压力高、持荷稳定等优点。以高精度的光栅尺为传感器制成的新型多点位移计,对开挖过程中洞周围岩位移进行实时监测,并采用先进的数字摄像技术成功测量洞周收敛。研制可施加预应力的微型锚索及提出和实施了独特的埋设注浆锚杆的锚固技术。开挖支护与监测同步进行并对开挖后的测试成果进行相关分析,并建立三维有限元模型并用FLAC3D数值分析软件进行相应的对比计算。计算结果与测量结果相比较,二者规律基本吻合,表明模型试验取得了预期效果。在正常开挖支护和监测试验工作完成后,又开展超载试验。模拟埋深达1 000 m乃至2 200 m时洞群变形和围岩破裂的规律并观察相关现象。研究工作的结果对实际工程有一定的指导意义。Under the engineering background of the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station on the Dadu River,the physical model test of the stability of cavern group under high geostress was generally introduced,including the steel structural frame of the model test,the development of the hydraulic pressure system,the development of the rock analogy material,the development of the measuring technology and the measuring element,the fabricating and embedding technology of the prestressed cable and rock bolt,the excavation and measurement of the cavern group and so on.The developed structural frame can simulate the condition of great depth and high stress,the fully-automatic hydraulic system can provide the nonuniform gradient loads to simulate the actual in-situ stress and stabilize the loading.The high-accuracy mini extensometers measuring system with grating fiber as sensor can real-time measure the displacements of the surrounding rocks during the excavation.The digital vision system can measure the convergence of the cavern successfully.A new kind of prestress cable was developed and the unique bolt embedding technology was put forward and conducted.The measure proceeded with the excavation and support,and the measuring results were analyzed.In numerical analysis,the 3D finite element analytical model was set up and calculated by the numerical analytical software FLAC3D.The calculated results were compared with the measuring results.The laws of the two are in good agreement.After the completion of the excavation,support and measure,the overloading test was performed.The deformation of the caverns and the fracture rule of the surrounding rock when the embedded depth reached 1 000 m to 2 200 m were simulated.The correlated fracture phenomenon was observed.The results of the work will make certain guiding significance to the practical engineering.

关 键 词：数值分析 高地应力 模型试验 钢结构台架 测试技术 锚杆和锚索 洞群的开挖及测试 

分 类 号：O241[理学—计算数学]