风环境下行驶于大跨度桥梁上的车辆安全评价及影响因素研究  

Safety assessment of moving vehicles on a long-span bridge under crosswind and influence factors analysis

作　　者：韩万水[1] 陈艾荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学桥梁与隧道陕西省重点实验室,陕西西安710064 [2]同济大学桥梁工程系,上海200092

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2008年第4期466-472,共7页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金基金项目(50478109);交通部交通科技计划资助(2003319H01010)

摘　　要：建立了风环境下行驶于振荡桥梁上的车辆受到侧向突发阵风时的车辆安全性分析方法。定义了包括侧翻、侧滑和偏转在内的三种风致车辆事故。在综合考虑路面粗糙度、车辆悬挂系统以及车轮相对于桥面侧向相对滑动的基础上,提出了能够考虑桥梁的静风响应、抖振响应、汽车—桥梁耦合振动、系统的时变特性以及结构几何非线性和气动荷载非线性影响的风—汽车—桥梁系统空间耦合分析模型,编制了相应的分析程序。以杭州湾跨海大桥为工程实例,运用所编制的程序研究了路面粗糙度、风速以及干、湿、雪、冰路面状况对行驶于桥梁上的车辆安全性的影响,给出了典型车辆在桥梁上发生事故的临界风速,并与车辆行驶于路面上的相应值进行了对比;对比表明:振荡的桥梁会降低车辆发生事故的临界风速。A safety analysis of high-sided road vehicles running on a long span bridge when the road vehicle enters a sharp-edged crosswind gust while the bridge is oscillating under fluctuating winds is presented. Road vehicle accidents,including overturning, excessive sideslip, and exaggerated rotation, are defined first. In consideration of road surface roughness, vehicle suspension, and the sideslip of the vehicle tire relative to the bridge deck in the lateral direction,a state of the art three-dimensional dynamic model of the wind-vehiclebridge coupling vibration is presented,in which tne effects of bridge deformation due to static wind loads, buffeting-induced bridge responses, vehicle-bridge coupling vibration, wind loads on vehicle, time-variation property of system,structural geometrical nonlinearity and aerodynamic nonlinearity are included. The influences of road surface roughness, mean wind velocity, different road surface conditions （dry, wet, snowy and icy） on the safety of vehicle running on Hangzhou Bay Bridge are investigated. A series of critical wind speeds of typical vehicles running on the bridge due to sudden crosswind gust are obtained. The obtained critical speeds are also compared with those for the same vehicles running on the ground. It is shown that the oscillation of the cable-stayed bridge will lower the critical wind speed.

关 键 词：风-汽车-桥梁系统 侧向突发阵风 风致车辆事故 安全评价 临界风速 

分 类 号：V461.91[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]