水力压裂扩展特性的数值模拟研究  

Simulation study of characteristics of hydraulic fracturing propagation

作　　者：连志龙[1,2] 张劲[3] 王秀喜[1] 吴恒安[1] 薛炳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学力学与机械工程系中科院材料力学行为和设计重点实验室,合肥230027 [2]中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院钻井工艺研究所,北京100195 [3]中国石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《岩土力学》2009年第1期169-174,共6页Rock and Soil Mechanics

摘　　要：采用ABAQUS建立了水力压裂计算模型,模拟了地应力、岩石力学特性、压裂液流体特性等各种复杂因素对水力压裂扩展的影响。通过计算分析得到一些有益结论:(1)在注入压力一定的情况下起裂压力与最小水平地应力、临界应力、初始孔隙压力成正比,而与压裂液黏度、最大水平地应力、弹性模量无关;(2)裂缝扩展长度和最大缝宽与最小水平地应力、初始孔隙压力、弹性模量成反比,而与最大水平地应力无关;(3)水力压裂作业中,缝长的扩展过程可分为无扩展阶段、快速扩展阶段、稳定扩展阶段以及缓慢扩展阶段等4个阶段。研究结论对于水力压裂作业优化具有参考价值。A simulation model of hydraulic fracturing propagation is proposed by using the software of ABAQUS. The key factors of geotectology such as in-situ stress distribution, mechanical properties, fracturing fluid properties etc, which affect on the characteristics of fracturing propagation, are studied with the model. Several conclusions are drawn from the simulation results. When injecting pressure is constant, the fracture initiation pressure is proportional to the magnitude of minimal horizontal stress, cdtical stress and initial pore pressure, elastic modules, and is independent of fracturing fluid viscosity and maximal horizontal stress. The fracture length and maximal fracturing width are inversely proportional to the minimal horizontal stress, initial pore pressure and elastic modules. Further more they are independent of maximal horizontal stress. The process of hydraulic fracturing may be divided into four stages, namely no growth, quick growth, steady growth and slow growth stages. The obtained conclusions are of much significance for the perforation parameter optimization and design of hydraulic fracturing treatments.

关 键 词：水力压裂 数值模拟 有限元 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] O241[理学—计算数学]