溢油来源和风化作用的有机地球化学表征  

ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SOURCE AND THE WEATHERING OF SPILLED OIL

作　　者：李芸[1] 熊永强[1] 杨万颖[2] 孙永革[3] 谢月亮[2] 李思源[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]深圳市计量质量检测研究院,广东深圳518131 [3]浙江大学地球科学系,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《地球与环境》2008年第4期373-380,共8页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAC11B03)

摘　　要：随着人们对原油需求和消耗的增加,生产和运输环节的溢油污染事故日趋严重。溢油源的准确鉴定可为溢油事故的调查和处理提供科学的证据。本文在综合国内外大量研究的基础上,从溢油源到溢油样品的整个溢油环节对表征溢油组成特征及变化的有机地球化学指标进行了阐述,为有机地球化学方法在溢油源鉴别中的实际应用提供科学依据。结合有机地球化学的发展趋势,提出油指纹分子级水平上的定量化(包括油指纹的数字化、诊断指标的分子化、混源的定量化和鉴定结果的多元统计分析等)是今后溢油源鉴别的发展方向。With increasing demand and consumption of crude oils, oil spill accidents during production and transportation have become increasingly serious. Precisely determining the sources of spilled oils can provide scientific evidence for the investigation and handling of oil spill accidents. Based on enormous research data published at home and abroad, this paper reviews organic geochemical methods and indices which characterize the composition and variation of spilled oils during the whole spilling process from the original source to the final samples. The study revealed that some organic geochemical theories can reliably be used in the process of identifying spilled oil sources. In combination with the developing trend of organic geochemistry, it is advanced in this paper that quantification of oil fingerprints on a molecular level （including digitalization of oil fingerprints, molecular diagnostic indicators, quantitative identification of mixed sources and multivariate statistical analysis of analytical results, etc. ） is a developing trend of future study on the identification of oil spill sources.

关 键 词：溢油 来源 风化作用 有机地球化学 

分 类 号：P593[天文地球—地球化学]