异文化视野下的台湾原住民“统称”  

"Collective Name" to Taiwan's Aborigines in the Perspective of Cultural Differences

作　　者：吴春明[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学人文学院,教授福建厦门361005

出　　处：《广西民族研究》2008年第4期124-130,共7页GUANGXI ETHNIC STUDIES

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地2006年度重大项目"台湾原住民研究"(2006JJDGAT002)课题成果

摘　　要：本文梳理在异文化视野下台湾原住民"统称"的演变及存在的问题。历史上,台湾原住民被统称为"夷"、"番(蕃)"及"高砂(山)族"等,是外部世界、尤其是汉文化对于台湾原住民各族群缺乏深刻认知的背景下,附加于内涵复杂、文化多样的台湾原住民上的概括性"符号",没有反映原住民各族群的自身认同、文化记忆,不属于严格意义上的"族称"。康、雍以来相继出现的"野"与"化"番、"生"与"熟"番,日据时代的"高砂(山)"与"平埔"蕃等两类称谓,也只是区分了原住民汉化程度的深浅,没有反映不同族群的文化差别,仍无法摆脱模糊认知、笼统概括的误区。This article researches evolution ＂collective name＂ of Taiwan＇s aborigines and existing problems from the Perspective of cultural differences. Historically, Taiwan＇s aborigines were ＂collectively＂ named as ＂Yi＂ （夷） , ＂Fan [Fan]＂ （番[蕃]） and ＂Gaoshas （shans）＂ （高砂[山]族）.These names were general ＂symbol＂ which was imposed to Taiwan＇s aborigines who had complex content and cultural diversity by the outside world, especially on the Background of Chinese culture lacking a deep understanding on Taiwan＇s aboriginal communities. So they didn＇t reflect the own identity and cultural memory of aborigines of various ethnic groups, and they are not ＂ethnic title＂ in the strict sense. After Kangxi and Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, it appeared ＂wild＂ （野） Fan and ＂assimilated＂ （化） Fan and ＂raw＂ （生） Fan and ＂cooked＂ （熟） Fan. In Japanese occupation era, it appeared ＂Gaoshas （shans）＂ and ＂Pingpu＂ aboriginal title. The above-mentioned two types of title only distinguished the extent of aborigines becoming Chinese, and didn＇t reflect the cultural differences between different ethnic groups, so we still can not get away from the errors of vague awareness and general summary.

关 键 词：异文化 台湾原住民 统称 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]