人工湿地污水处理对三种植物光合作用及叶绿素荧光特性的影响  

Effect of wastewater treatment on leaf photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence properties of three plant species in constructed wetland

作　　者：李志刚[1] 蒋越华[1] 李素丽[1] 黄海连[1] 陈伟刚[2] 陈竑 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [2]广西南宁市环境保护局,广西南宁530022 [3]广西南宁市市政局,广西南宁530022

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第6期2187-2191,共5页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(050102)

摘　　要：人工湿地环境下,湿地植物的光合代谢过程与陆生自然环境有较大的不同。通过对人工湿地三种中生植物即薏米(Coix aquatica Roxb)、文殊兰(Crinum asiaticum)和蜘蛛兰(Hymenocallis Americana)进行污水处理,研究人工湿地对植物的光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明:(1)与陆地自然环境相比,在人工湿地环境下,薏米,文殊兰和蜘蛛兰的净光合速率(Pn),蒸腾速率(Tr),气孔导度(Gs),叶绿素含量,最大荧光(Fm)和PSII最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)均降低,而胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和初始荧光(Fo)升高。其中叶绿素含量,Fo和Fv/Fm在四月份生长旺盛期差异极显著(P<0.01),Gs差异显著(P<0.05)。(2)在整个生长期,三种植物的光合参数和荧光参数的变化趋势不是单一的上升或下降,不同植物其变化过程和变化幅度也不一样。蜘蛛兰在生长旺盛期较薏米和文殊兰Pn,Gs,Fv/Fm,Fm,Fo大,而Ci较薏米和文殊兰低。可见人工湿地污水处理对三种植物光合作用和叶绿素荧光特性均有影响,但对各植物影响不一致。综合各项参数,蜘蛛兰耐性强于薏米和文殊兰。Under constructed wetlands, plant photosynthesis is different from that in natural environment. Wastewater treatment was conducted in constructed wetland and natural environment in the experiment to study its effect of on leaf photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence properties of three plants species （Coix aquatica Roxb, Crinum asiaticum and Hymenocallis Americana）. The results were as follows： （1）Compared with natural environment, Net photosynthetic rate （Pn）, transpiration rate （Tr）, stomatal conductance （Gs）, Chlorophyll content, the maximal fluorescence（Fm） and the maximal photochemical efficiency of PS II in the dark （Fv/Fm） of the plants were lower,, but intracellular CO2 （Ci） and the minimal fluorescence（Fo） were higher in constructed wetlands. There were significant difference of Chlorophyll content （P〈0.01）, Fo （P〈0.01）, Fv/Fm （P〈0.01） and Gs （P〈0.05） between constructed wetlands and natural environment in April. （2） In the whole growth period, the variation trend of photosynthesis parameters and fluorescence parameters was not constant, it was different with plants species. In vigorous growth period, In, Gs, Fv/Fm, Fm, Fo of Hymenocallis Americana were higher than those of Coix aquatica Roxb and Crinum asiaticum, but Ci was lower than that of Coix aquatica Roxb and Crinum asiaticum. It comes to the conclosion that wastewater treatment could influence photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence properties of three plants in constructed wetlands, but the effects were different with plants species, Hymenocallis Americana was more tolerant toward wastewater than others in the constructed wetland.

关 键 词：人工湿地 植物 光合作用 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]