湿地植物对模拟污水的净化能力研究  

Purification Ability of Wetland Plants for Simulated Wastewater

作　　者：祝宇慧[1] 赵国智[1] 李灵香玉[1] 田光明[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第1期166-172,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：浙江省科技厅重点科技计划项目(2006C23076)

摘　　要：选择了千屈菜、水芹、水葱、黄菖蒲、石菖蒲、香菇草为待试湿地植物,通过静态水培试验,考察了各植物在以氨氮(NH4+-N)为主要氮组分的模拟污水中的生长情况、生理生态学特性,及在不同停留时间下对污水中有机物、N、P的去除率,以期找出不同条件下净化污水的优势植物。结果表明,植物在污水中均能正常生长,对营养物都有一定的吸收能力,对水体有明显的净化效果。其中石菖蒲植株内N、P浓度最高,净化效果较好,当停留时间为8d时,对NH4+-N和TP的去除率分别为90.52%和92.89%;水芹生长稳定,在较短时间内对N、P均有较好的去除效果;香菇草在停留时间较长的条件下对污染物的去除率较高,当停留时间为8d时,对NH4+-N和TP的去除率分别为94.90%和93.35%。可见,石菖蒲、水芹和香菇草对营养物质具有较好净化效果,是较理想的湿地植物。In this study, six plants： Lythrum salicaria（ Ly ）, ＂Oenanthe javanica（ Qe. ）, Scirpus validus （ Sc. ）, Iris pseudacorus （Ir）, Acorus gramineus （Ac.）, Hydrocotyle vulgaris （tty.）, were selected and fed by simulated wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen （NH4^＋-N）as the main component of nitrogen. The purification ability and bio-ecological character of tested plants were studied by a static water culture experiment. It was found that all plants could live normally in wastewater and there was apparent purification of nitrogen in wastewater. Among them, the highest nutrient concentration in biomass was found in Ac., where removal rates of NH4^＋-N and TP were 90.52% and 92.89% respectively within 8-days retention time（the highest removal efficiency among the treatments）. Among the six testes plants, Oe. was found to be relatively advantageous to remove N and P in shorter retention time, while Hy. provided relatively higher removal capacity for NH4^＋-N （94.90%） and TP （93.35%） in longer retention time （8 days ）. The plants of A c., Oe. and Hy. were found as the satisfactory wetland plants, which had better treatment performances.

关 键 词：湿地植物 富营养化 营养物吸收 去除率 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]