大豆低聚糖对牙鲆营养效应的研究:Ⅰ摄食、生长和代谢酶活性  

EFFECTS OF SOYBEAN OLIGOSACCHARIDES ON NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERS OF JAPANESE FLOUNDER(PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS):Ⅰ.FEEDING RATE,GROWTH AND METABOLIZE ENZYME ACTIVITIES

作　　者：邓君明[1,2] 麦康森[1] 艾庆辉[1] 张文兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,青岛266003 [2]云南农业大学动物科学学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2009年第1期7-14,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30371120)资助

摘　　要：本试验比较研究了不同蛋白源(鱼粉,FM;大豆分离蛋白,SPI)基础饲料中添加大豆低聚糖(SBOS)对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)摄食率、生长性能和代谢酶活性的影响。分别以FM、SPI作为主要蛋白源,配制了4种等氮等能饲料。其中,饲料FM、SPI分别以FM、SPI作为主要蛋白源;饲料FMO、SPIO分别在饲料FM、SPI基础上添加10%SBOS(水苏糖:2.61%;棉籽糖:0.61%)。试验表明:①饲料中添加SBOS对牙鲆前两周摄食率无显著影响(p>0.05);而显著降低了整个养殖周期FMO组牙鲆总摄食率,提高了SPIO组牙鲆总摄食率(p<0.05);②FM基础饲料中添加SBOS对牙鲆特定生长率(SGR)、饲料效率(FER)和蛋白质效率(PER)均无显著影响(p>0.05),但均呈明显下降趋势;SPI基础饲料中添加SBOS对FER和PER无显著影响,却显著提高了SGR(p<0.05);③FM基础饲料中添加SBOS提高了牙鲆血浆谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和γ-L-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)的活性,但仅AST差异显著(p<0.05),而对肝脏AST、ALT、AKP、LDH和γ-GT活性无显著影响(p>0.05);SPI基础饲料中添加SBOS显著提高了血浆ALT和LDH活性,而对AST、AKP和γ-GT活性无显著影响;同时,SPI基础饲料中添加SBOS显著提高了肝脏AST和ALT活性,而对AKP、LDH和γ-GT活性无显著影响;④饲料中添加SBOS对牙鲆血浆中尿素氮和游离氨基酸浓度均无显著影响。试验结果表明,不同蛋白源基础饲料中添加SBOS表现出不同的生长效应;其中,FM基础饲料中添加SBOS表现出一定的抑制生长效应,而SPI基础饲料中添加SBOS却表现出促生长效应。A feeding trial Was conducted to investigate the effects of soybean oligosaccharides （SBOS） on feeding rate, growth and metabolize enzyme activities of juvenile Japanese flounder （Paralichthys olivaceus）. Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric practical diets （crude protein 49% ,gross energy 19 kJ/g） including only fish meal （FM） or soy protein isolate （SPI） as a sole protein source with （Diets FMO and SPIO） or without （Diets FM and SPI） supplemented SBOS （stachy- ose,2.61% ;raffinose,O. 61% ） were formulated. Each diet was randomly designed to triplicate aquaria stocked with 30 fish （initial body weight 1.93 ±0.02g） each. Fish were maintained in a flow-through system with water temperature ranging from 22. O℃ to 25.0℃ and fed twice （08：00 and 16：00） daily to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. Dietary SBOS sup- plementation did not significantly affect the feeding rate in the first two-week （p 〉 0.05 ） ,but significantly decreased the gross feeding rate of fish fed FM-based diets,increased the gross feeding rate of fish fed SPI-based diets （p 〈 0. 05）. Sup- plementation with SBOS generally depress the specific growth rate （SGR）, feed efficiency ratio （FER） and protein efficiency ratio （PER） of fish fed FM-based diets,but the differences were not significant （p 〉 0.05 ）. However,dietary SBOS supplementation generally increased the SGR, FER and PER of fish fed SPI-based diets, and the difference in SGR was significant （p 〈 0.05 ）. Supplemental SBOS generally increased the aspartate transaminase （AST）, alanine transaminase （ ALT）, alkaline phosphatase （ ALP）, lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） and γ-glutamyhranspeptidase （γ-GT） activities in plasma of fish fed FM-based diets, but only the difference in AST activity was significant （p 〈 0.05 ）. However, the activi- ties of AST,ALT,AKP, LDH and γ-GT in liver of fish fed FM-based diets were not significantly affected by supplemental SBOS （p 〉 O. 05 ）. SBOS suppleme

关 键 词：牙鲆 大豆低聚糖 营养效应 摄食 生长 代谢酶 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]