灰葡萄孢BC4菌株抑菌活性成分分离及对小麦纹枯菌的作用  

Fungistatic component from Botrytis cinerea isolate BC4 and its effect on mycelia of Rizoctonia cerealis

作　　者：王惠[1] 钮绪燕[1] 李海娟[1] 同金霞[2] 苏红霞 董金皋[4] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西省农药管理检定所,陕西西安710003 [4]河北农业大学真菌毒素实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2009年第1期62-66,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划2006AA10A214)

摘　　要：首先探索了利用薄层色谱分离灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)BC4菌株抑菌活性代谢产物的溶剂系统,在此基础上分离得到了该菌4个代谢产物组分;然后以小麦纹枯菌为生物测定对象,观察了这4个组分对小麦纹枯菌菌丝生长的抑制活性;同时利用显微技术进一步观察了抑菌活性组分对小麦纹枯菌菌丝生长的影响部位。结果表明:在4种不同的薄层色谱溶剂系统中,石油醚+乙酸乙酯+甲酸(5∶4∶1)为分离灰葡萄孢BC4菌株抑菌活性代谢产物的较好展开剂。对利用该溶剂系统分离得到的4个代谢产物组分进行生物活性测定的结果表明,2个组分具有生物活性,其中组分4对小麦纹枯病菌有明显的抑制生长作用,相反组分2对其生长却有促进作用,组分1和3对该病菌没有作用。利用光学显微镜观察发现,接触组分4的小麦纹枯病菌菌丝顶端外部有深色液滴,对照则没有这种现象。利用扫描电镜观察的结果表明,接触组分4的菌丝与对照明显不同,菌丝停止向前延伸生长,分支增多,菌丝体出现不规则的膨大与缢缩,有些菌丝体新生部分变薄、模糊,有熔化迹象;有些与其它菌丝体粘合或融合在一起。表明灰葡萄孢BC4菌株代谢的抑菌活性成分对小麦纹枯菌的菌丝体体壁的形成具有严重阻碍作用,与三唑酮具有相似的作用特点。Better separation solvent of thin layer chromatography （TLC） was selected first in this study, then 4 components were separated from filtrate of Botrytis cinerea isolate BCA under the better solvent system selected. And then the 4 components were bioassayed respectively using Rizoctonia cerealis as an indicator fungus. Finally effect of each component on mycelia of R. cerealis was observed under optical and electrical microscope. Results showed that petrolic ether ＋ethyl acetate ＋ formic acid （5：4：1） was the better TLC solvent system for the separation of culture filtrate of Botrytis cinerea isolate BC4 in the 4 tested systems. Bioassay showed that two components have activity to R. cerealis. Component （No. 4） inhibited mycelia growth, however component （No. 2） improved the mycelia growth. Another two components （No. 1 ans No. 3） have no effects to R. cerealis. Observation under optical microscope showed that mycelia touched component No. 4 has fluid drops in the tip outside. Under the electronic microscope, mycelia which touched component No. 4 displayed significant changes compared with the control, such as stop growing forward, more branched, bulged and shrink irregularly, thin, illegible, and seems melting, some hypha parietal dissolved and stick each other. These results indicated that the fungistatic component separated from filtrate of Botrytis cinerea isolate BC4 has a blocking effect to the cell wall formation of mycelia, and appeared to share the same functions and characteristics of fungicide triadimefon.

关 键 词：灰葡萄孢 小麦纹枯病菌 抑菌活性 菌丝形态 

分 类 号：S436.412.19[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]