旅游干扰对喀纳斯景区草地土壤—植被系统的影响  

Effects of Tourism Disturbance on Soil-Plant System in Kanasi Scenic Area

作　　者：郑伟[1,2] 朱进忠[1,2] 潘存德[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区草地资源与生态重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆农业大学林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2009年第1期109-115,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30560124);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划青年教师科研启动基金(XJEDU2007S15)资助

摘　　要：研究喀纳斯景区旅游干扰下草甸群落土壤-植被系统的变化,同时分析土壤理化性质与植被特征之间的相互影响程度。结果表明:从背景区到强烈活动区,景区草甸群落的盖度、高度、生物量、凋落物生物量和物种多样性均趋于减小;群落结构趋于简化,群落由少数物种控制,群落稳定性下降;表层土壤的物理性状明显趋于退化,土壤养分中碱解氮含量相应下降,而磷、钾的有效性则提高。相关分析表明,景区草甸表层土壤主要理化性质与植被特征之间存在较密切的相关性,旅游活动对景区草甸干扰的实质是草甸土壤—植被系统协同响应的过程,在这一过程中,植被系统对旅游干扰的响应要快于土壤系统。The variation features of s were studied in Kanasi scenic area. oil--plant system in the meadow community under tourism disturbance In the mean time, the interacting degree between soil properties and plant characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that： as background area was turned into intense activity area, the coverage, height, biomass, litter biomass and plant species diversity of the meadow community tended to decrease. The community dominance index demonstrated that as background area was turned into intense activity area, the community structure tended to simplify, the numbers of dominant species decreased, and the community stability reduced. The soil physical properties of surface soil layer significantly degraded and the content of available nitrogen correspondingly decreased, however the availability of potassium and phosphorus enhanced. Correlation analyses showed that there was a close correlation between topsoil physical--chemical properties and plant community characteristic values of the meadow community in Kanasi scenic area. And this indicated that the disturbance processes of meadow community under tourism activities were virtually a synergistically response processes of soil--plant system, the response of plant system preceded the response of soil system in the processes.

关 键 词：旅游干扰 土壤-植被系统 土壤理化性质 群落特征 喀纳斯景区 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]