厚壳贻贝对重金属的生物积累及释放规律研究  

A study on the bioaccumulation and attenuation of heavy metals in Mytilus crassitesta

作　　者：沈盎绿[1] 马继臻[1,2] 平仙隐[1] 沈新强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所、农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2009年第1期52-59,共8页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J021)

摘　　要：应用实验生态方法研究了厚壳贻贝对8种常见的重金属生物积累和释放情况,得出了厚壳贻贝对重金属的生物富集系数、生物半衰期及生物富集曲线.结果表明:到积累实验结束时,厚壳贻贝对Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni、As和Hg的生物富集系数分别是45.01、79.65、71.67、15.21、7.91、2.45和44.65.以积累实验结束时的生物富集系数为基准,厚壳贻贝对这几种重金属的富集能力为Zn>Cd>Pb>Hg>Ni>Cr>As.到释放实验结束时,厚壳贻贝对Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni、As和Hg的生物半衰期分别是43.6、29.1、38.1、31.0、26.5、35.6、127.6、36.1d.以释放实验结束时的生物半衰期为基准,厚壳贻贝对这几种重金属的释放速度呈Cr>Pb>Cd>Hg>Ni>Zn>Cu>As,而且厚壳贻贝是Hg、Pb、Zn和Cd的净积累者.因此,厚壳贻贝是比较理想的重金属Hg、Pb、Zn和Cd污染的指示生物.In the present study, accumulation and elimination of 8 heavy metals （ Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, As and Hg） in Mytiltts crassitesta were investigated using controlled ecosystem experiment. The biological concentration factor （BCF） ,biological half-life and bioconentration curve of heavy metals in Mytilus crassitesta were obtained. The results indicated that BCF of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, As and Hg in Crassostrea plicatula were 45.01,79.65,71.67, 15.21,7. 91,2. 45 and 44.65,respective!y. The accumulations of Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr,Ni and Hg in Mytilus crassitesta were ordered as Zn 〉 Cd 〉 Pb 〉 Hg 〉 Ni 〉 Cr 〉 As. The biological half-life of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Ni, As and Hg were 43.6,29. 1,38. 1,31.0,26. 5,35.6,127.6 and 36. ld,respectively. The ability of elimination of Pb,Zn,Cd, Cr and Hg were Cr 〉 Pb 〉 Cd 〉 Hg 〉 Ni 〉 Zn 〉 Cu 〉 As. Thus, Mytilus crassitesta can be a good bio-indictors of heavy metal（ Hg,Pb,Zn and Cd） contaminations in the sea water.

关 键 词：重金属 生物富集系数 生物半衰期 生物富集曲线 厚壳贻贝 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]